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subroutine and functions in a program it is often necessary to repeat a statement or group of statements at several points to accomplish a
conditional statement an if statement is composed of three parts the first part should be keyword wrt language to convey to the computer that it
looping statement the purpose of a loop structure is to repeat certain tasks until some condition is satisfied several variations of a loop
assignment it is composed of variable name an assignment operator of the language and a value or variable or some expression as per
arrayarray in programming when large amount of related data needs to be processed and each data element is stored with different a
data type data type anything that is processed by a computer is called data there are different types of data that can be given to the computer
constantin contrast to a variable which is used as identifier for a value and which can change constants are identifiers that are used for values
variable - concept of programming languagevariable as referencing memory by its physical address is very tedious variable names are used a
elements of programming language learning a programming language requires understanding of concepts such as representation of different types
syntaxsyntax provides the structure and how to formulate the phrase or sentence wrt grammar of the language it tells us about which composition is
program and programming language a program is defined as a collection of statements instructions that enable the computer to solve a problem the
concept of programming languagein order to communicate with other human beings one needs some language or a medium in the same way for solving
programs - programming languageprograms to implement algorithms on the computer must be written in a language that the computer can understand it
algorithm once a problem has been defined precisely a procedure or process must be designed to produce the required output from the given input
problem - programming languagea problem is to carry out a particular task for solving the problem some input has to be given to the system the
concept in programming languagea programming language is used to design and describe a set of instructions and computations to be executed by a
netbooksnetbooks are special type of laptop which is very light and small due to its size and weight it is very portable and one may carry it
desktop computerdesktop computer is popularly known as personal computer pc as the name suggest it is generally small in size and fitted on the
processorprocessor plays major role in a computer one should carefully decide about the type of processor and its speed before making a choice
configuration of a pcgenerally when you think of purchasing a computer you first try to exactly know what will be the hardware components such as
types of pc in general basic function of all the computers is same ie computers accept data as input perform operations on these data and
output devicesone of the most important output devices in computer system is its screen commonly called monitor it is an output device and
digital video disksdvd stands for digital video disks or digital versatile disks a dvd stores much more data than a cd-rom its capacities are 47gb
storage mechanism of magnetic diskstorage mechanismmagnetic disk drives contain metal disks that are coated on both sides with an iron oxide
magnetic memory in the above section we have seen various types of semiconductor rams these high speed semiconductor storage devices ie rams