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program and programming language a program is defined as a collection of statements instructions that enable the computer to solve a problem the
concept of programming languagein order to communicate with other human beings one needs some language or a medium in the same way for solving
programs - programming languageprograms to implement algorithms on the computer must be written in a language that the computer can understand it
algorithm once a problem has been defined precisely a procedure or process must be designed to produce the required output from the given input
problem - programming languagea problem is to carry out a particular task for solving the problem some input has to be given to the system the
concept in programming languagea programming language is used to design and describe a set of instructions and computations to be executed by a
netbooksnetbooks are special type of laptop which is very light and small due to its size and weight it is very portable and one may carry it
desktop computerdesktop computer is popularly known as personal computer pc as the name suggest it is generally small in size and fitted on the
processorprocessor plays major role in a computer one should carefully decide about the type of processor and its speed before making a choice
configuration of a pcgenerally when you think of purchasing a computer you first try to exactly know what will be the hardware components such as
types of pc in general basic function of all the computers is same ie computers accept data as input perform operations on these data and
output devicesone of the most important output devices in computer system is its screen commonly called monitor it is an output device and
digital video disksdvd stands for digital video disks or digital versatile disks a dvd stores much more data than a cd-rom its capacities are 47gb
storage mechanism of magnetic diskstorage mechanismmagnetic disk drives contain metal disks that are coated on both sides with an iron oxide
magnetic memory in the above section we have seen various types of semiconductor rams these high speed semiconductor storage devices ie rams
storage capacity and cost per bit of storagestorage capacity it is the amount of data that can be stored in the storage unit a large capacity
access timeaccess time this is the time required to locate and retrieve stored data from the storage unit in response to a program instruction
central processing unita central processing unit cpu in a computer system is an extremely fast device as compared to the main memory but it can
memory unit of computerthe memory unit is an important component of a computer where all the data and information are stored in the form
control unit of the processorthe control unit of the processor is that unit which controls and coordinates the execution of instructions
execution of a machine instructionexecution of a machine instruction on modern processors involves a complex sequence of operations with multiple
concept of instructionthe cpu is a semiconductor integrated circuit chip consisting of a large number of transistors in personal computers the
binary codeswe have seen earlier that digital computers use signals that have two distinct values and there exists a direct analogy between binary
input devices of a digital computerinput devices are used to read the instructions and data to be processed and output devices display the results
functioning of a computercomputers have undergone through a long history of evolution the evolutionary history is often divided into mechanical