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serverin a network the resources of computers comprising network are usually shareable in fact one of the main objectives of networking is to make
design a 4-bit comparator using combinational logic and karnaugh maps the inputs of the circuit are two 2-bit numbers a construct the truth
telecommunication protocolsthe two major components relating to a wan are the protocol and the media the media are the actual path ways that the
telecommunications standardsthey are defined internationally by the ccitt consultative committee for international telegraphy and telephones but
open systems interconnection os1as there are many different protocols for lans and wans communication between two different systems can be
metropolitan area networks these type of networks generally cover specific metropolitan area and provide to them all the services wide area
communication networkscommunication networks are made up of transmission lines concentrators switching mechanisms and non-data processing
networksthere are different interpretations for the term degnets the oxford english dictionary states that a network is an interconnected chain or
networking and telecommunicationscomputers can now communicate with each other and with a range of peripheral devices over distances with
packet switchingthis is one of recent techniques of switching packet switching was originally developed for use by arpa network by the defence
circuit switchingmany switching techniques are in use one of them is line or circuit switching in which a communications path is actually
switching mechanismsswitching mechanisms are techniques devised to send messages in many dinections at once and to ensure that these messages are
choice of mediumall the transmission channels discussed in the foregoing paragraphs can be used as point to point connections or as broadcast
satellite transmissionsatellites use microwave frequencies and techniques satellites used for message transmission as opposed to those which
microwave transmissionusing space as transmission medium microwave emanates from an origination point on earth such as telephone exchange where
optical fibrescoaxial cables have limitations such as broadband transmission medium which can be overcome by the use of optical fibres optical
coaxial cablesanother metallic transmission medium which offers a large bandwidth is the coaxial cable such cables consist of an outer protective
twisted pairstwisted pairs are familiar to all of us as the copper wire telephone lines these are of low frequency and support a limited bandwidth
transmission mediawhen we speak of transmission media we usually mean a mix of physical lines ranging from wire pairs to cable and over the air
modernsas it was explained earlier communications channels can operate in either the analog or digital mode however a given circuit can operate
synchronous and asynchronous transmissionanother method of setting of terminals denotes synchronous or asynchronous transmission many terminals
communication channelsa wire pair connecting two telephones is the simplest circuit allowing communication in both directions other channels
message quality and quantityquality of transmission is a very important consideration in telecommunication voice communication can use a narrow
bandwidthbandwidth is the second concept important for transmission this concept can be explained with the help of the traffic network mentioned
frequency and bandwidthlet us try to understand a little about how information is transmitted the information may be in the form of sound human