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analog transmissionin analog transmission there is a continuous up and down pattern for example one wave constitutes one cycle which is measured
data transmissionwhen we talk on the telephone we generally transmit a message to someone else the message is made up of words that we speak into
telecommunications networka telecommunications network at its simplest may be regarded as comprising a transmission network an arrangement of
alternative approaches for acquiring softwarethere are some alternative approaches for acquiring software they are i off the shelf software
data base softwareanother major type of application comes under the heading database software which allows for the collection of searching for and
desk top publishing programdesktop publishing programs contain many of the features of word processing software but go even further in the ability
word processing wpword processing is one of the most widespread application software types in use today developed as a successor to primitive text
high level languageshigh level languages converted to machine code by compiler or equivalent are much easier to program as well as to understand
applications softwaregeneral aspects on applications software applications software is the program that allow the user to get the required
operating systemsthe operating system is the software that mediates between the applications programs and a level of instructions nearer to the
systems softwaresystems software is generally supplied by the hardware manufacturers it includes operating systems assemblers compilers and
software basicssoftware is a generic term covering the concepts procedures and instructions which cause the computer systems to accomplish the
laser printersthese printers can print a whole page at one command offer highest quality and can combine text graphics etc they are generally
impact printers and non - impact printersimpact printersthese are printers in which the print-head strikes a ribbon and include the daisywheel and
printersprinters printers exist in a variety of forms line printersthese have been widely used for many years in large computer installations
output deviceseach output unit of computer system transmits information from the cpu and converts the electrical pulses to an appropriate output
image processingthis technology is quite advanced and devices are now available for routine scanning and storage of printed pages graphics etc
input devicesi keyboard is the most common form of input devices it was originally designed in the last century since then only minor
input and output deviceafter having understood the characteristics relating to cpu and storage media let us try to learn about io aspects of a
optical disk storage and cd - romoptical disk storage is relatively new alternative to magnetic storage digital data is burnt into the surface of
magnetic tapes and magnetic diskmagnetic tapes are very commonly used for storing large quantum of data for which rapid access is not necessary
backup storageback up backing storage also termed external storage is used to hold programs and data which are read into internal storage when
internal storageinternal storage is also known as main primary or for historical reasons core storage or memory it is used to hold those
computer storagecomputer systems include two types of digital information storage internal storage within the cpu and the backing back up storage
central processing unit cputhe cpu is the physical device that controls computer operations it is considered as the brain of the computer