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human impact on the phosphorus cyclelike other biogeochemical cycles human activities have altered the phosphorus cycle human beings mine phosphate
phosphorus cycle - nutrient cyclesphosphorus is a very important nutrient because of its role in the form of phosphate in reactions that store and
sulphur cycle - nutrient cyclesthe sulphur cycle is mostly sedimentary except for a short gaseous phase the large reservoir of sulphur is in the soil
human impact on nitrogen cycle human activities are profoundly affecting the cycling of nitrogen in nature over 30 x 106 metric tonsyr of n2 is fixed
denitrification - nutrient cyclesnitrates are readily leached from the soil and also lost through denitrification the process by which molecular or
nitrification - nutrient cyclesammonia or ammonium salts are converted into nitrate in a process termed nitrification to be useful to most
ammonificationmany heterotrophic bacteria actinomycetes and fungi in soil and water metabolise the organic nitrogen and release it in an inorganic
non symbiotic nitrogen fixers - nutrient cyclesthere are certain groups of free living bacteria both aerobic and anaerobic and blue green algae that
symbiotic nitrogen fixers - nutrient cyclesof the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria species of rhizobium form root nodules in legumes and are the
biological fixation - nitrogen fixationapproximately 63 of all nitrogen fixed is through biological fixation nitrogen fixing organisms are primarily
high energy fixation - nitrogen fixationthrough cosmic radiations lightning volcanic activity and meteorite trails which provide the high energy
nitrogen fixationas we have said before atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used by plants or animals it has to be first fixed the term nitrogen fixation
nitrogen cyclethe nitrogen is an essential constituent of protein - the building block of all living cells it is also a major constituent of the
human impact on carbon cyclehuman activities have greatly influenced the carbon cycle the discharge of co2 into the atmosphere is steadily increasing
types of biogeochemical cyclesthere are two basic types of biogeochemical cycles gaseous and sedimentary in the gaseous type of biogeochemical cycle
biogeochemical cycling - nutrient cyclesthe energy flows through ecosystems enabling the organisms to perform various kinds of work and is ultimately
nutrient cyclesall ecosystems have certain common basic features of structure and function they all have living and non-living components through
ecosystem balancewe take up another parameter of ecosystem balance one factor that affects the stability or persistence of some ecosystems under
ecosystem controlanother important aspect of ecosystem functioning that is how it maintains its ecological balance by now it must be obvious to you
auxiliary food chainsin addition to grazing and detritus food chains there are other auxiliary food chains operated through parasites and scavengers
detritus food chainsdetritus food chains begin with dead organic matter which is an important source of energy a large amount of organic matter is
grazing food chain - food chaingrazing food chains are quite familiar to most of us cow or deer grazing in a field represent a grazing food chain
food chain - ecosystemin a food chain the food energy is transformed from a given source through a series of species each of which eats the one
energy loss - energy flowlet us now take the second point that is the loss of some energy at each trophic level you might recall that the second law
direction of energy flownow let us consider the first point that is the direction of flow of energy energy flows from lower producer to higher