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all the cells present in the body contain genes and an approach targeted to modulate the expression of genes is known as gene therapy this novel
how does the metachronal waves form in the ciliary row of protozoa explain the cilia beating mechanism associates with
gre stands for the glucocorticoid response element the binding site in a promoter to which the activated glucocorticoid receptor can be bind the
heteroduplex dna is generated by the base pairing between complementary single strands derived from the different parental duplex molecules
heterochromatin compact gene-poor areas of a genome which are enriched in the simple sequence repeats as it may be impossible to clone
homologous recombination is the exchange of the sequence between two associated but different dna or rna molecules with the result that a new
homology indicates similarity between the two different nucleotide or the amino acid sequences generally with potential evolutionary importance it
human genome initiative is the collective name for number of projects begun in 1986 by department of energy doe to 1 create an ordered set of
hybridization is the reaction by which pairing of the complementary strands of nucleic acid happens dna is usually double-stranded and when these
hybridoma is the clone of plasmacytoma cells which secrete a monoclonal antibody commonly produced by the fusion of peripheral or splenic plasma
hydrophilicity plot is a computer plot which checks the relative summed hyrophobicity or hydrophilicity of adjacent amino acid sidechains usually
informatics is the study of the application of computer and statistical techniques to the management of information in the genome projects
initiation codon is the codon at which the translation of a polypeptide chain is initiated this is generally the first aug triplet in the mrna
intergenic amongs the two genes for example intergenic dna is the dna found amongs two genes the term is frequently used to mean non-functional dna
the introns are the portions of genomic dna which are transcribed and hence present in the primary transcript but are then spliced out later they
inverse pcr is the variation of pcr which makes the amplification of dna segments of unknown sequence that flank dna segments of the known
a kinase is in general an enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of the phosphate group from atp to something else in the molecular biology it has
knock-out experiment is a method for deleting mutating or otherwise inactivating the gene in a mouse this laborious technique involves
messenger rna mrna are the proteins are not synthesized directly from the genomic dna insteadof that an rna template a precursor mrna is
monoclonal antibody is an antibody with quite specific and often unique binding specificity which is secreted by the biologically cloned line of
northern blot is a technique for analyzing mixtures of rna by transfer of size-separated rna fragments to a synthetic membrane the presence and
nuclear run-on is a technique used to estimate the relative rate of the transcription of a given gene as opposed to steady-state level of the mrna
nuclease is an enzyme which degrades the nucleic acids a nuclease can be dna-specific a dnase rna-specific rnase or non-specific it might act only
oncogene is the gene in a tumor virus or in the cancerous cells which when transferred into the other cells can cause the transformation note
phosphorylation is the addition of the phosphate monoester to a macromolecule catalyzed by a particular kinase enzyme with respect to the proteins