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motor nerves nerves which carry impulses from brain or spinal cord to effector organs are called efferent or motor nerves stimulation of motor
hormones secreted by gonads1 testis and ovary are called gonads in the human body2 apart from producing gametes gonads also secrete hormonestestis
importance of pituitary glandpitutary gland is very small and it is about the size of a large pea seedit is very important as it controls the
endocrine glandsendocrine glands have no ducts - so these are also called as ductless glands egpituitary etcthese glands secrete chemical
gibberellins in plant growth gibberellins were first isolated from the culture of a fungus gibberella fujikuorigibberellins has a significant
auxinsauxins are plant growth substances the term auxin usually refers to a chemical compound called indole acetic acid iaa which is the major
growth and development of multi cellular organismsthe normal growth and development in all multicellular organisms occur in a programmed mannerthe
thermodynamics and energy 2 types of energy kinetic and potential work is the transfer of energy from one place to another energy isnt lost only
biological catalysts agrave speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process reduce the activation energy needed
diesel-like liquid obtained from materials of biological origin is called biodiesel biodiesel can be obtained i either from lipids accumulated plants
xenobiotic compounds are man-made chemicals that are present in the environment at unnaturally high concentrations the xenobiotic compounds are
use of micro-organisms to control insect pests pathogens or weeds constitutes biological control and the biological agents employed are called
plants are the source of a large variety of biochemicals which are metabolites of both primary and secondary metabolism but secondary metabolites
amino acid - compound with an amino group and a carboxyl group attached to a central carbon proteins make up 50 of dry mass of cells in our
carbohydrate - contains carbon hydrogen and oxygen with a general formula of cxh2oy simple sugars agrave monosaccharides oligosaccharide agrave
organic molecules some organic molecules in life are carbohydrates and lipids agrave c h and o proteins agrave c h o n amp sometimes s nucleic acids
metabolic processes living things are complex and yet the cell is the basic unit of life new cells result of mitosis cell division dna controls all
members belonging to the scientific community fear the misuse of this therapy leading to dangerous consequences people may try to insert the
a genetic trait which is considered to be harmful in the present day might prove to be beneficial in future for example by removing the trait for
a foreign dna has to target a precise chromosomal site and integrate with the host dna are the methods of gene therapy strong enough to produce
debate over ethics of using gene therapy for treating human beings started since the discovery of recombinant dna technology the mere fact that it
non-viral vectors viral vectors are highly efficient but when it comes to large scale production at the commercial level non-viral serve as a
viral vectors there are a large number of viral vectors available which can transfer the desired sequence properly into the host examples of the
the ultimate aim of somatic gene therapy is to alter the genetic material of living cells which involves transfer of dna genetic material is
germ line gene therapy - this approach either targets to correct the totipotent cells within human conceptus or stimulate the genetic modifications