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nature of light - floral inductionred light promotes flowering in short day plants if the dark regime of a short day plant is interrupted by red
perception of light - floral inductionstimulus leaves are found to be organs that perceive light stimulus kc hamner and j bonner showed in 1938 that
floral inductionthe transformation of vegetative apex into a floral apex is a multifactor and multistep phenomenon despite researches on flowering
lateral roots - root apex lateral roots normally arise at a definite distance behind the tip from areas close to or opposite the points of xylem star
differentiation of tissues - root apex new cells generated from the divisions of meristematic cells start expanding and differentiating further
vivipary - development biologyin flowering plants the seed or fruit generally is dispersed and germination occurs when the conditions are congenial
types of parthenocarpythree types of parthenocarpy are generally recognized genetical environmental chemically-induced genetical parthenocarpy is
parthenocarpyit is generally observed that the fruit develops after fertilization and it has fertile seeds inside it however this is not always so
zoochory - dispersal of seedssome fruits are eaten by animals and the seeds are passed out with the excreta endozoochory plums lantana grapes figs
autochory - dispersal of seeds this mechanism of self-dispersal is based on forceful expulsion of the seed from the fruit because of desiccation or
dispersal of seeds a plant usually bears many fruits and innumerable seeds if all the seeds produced by a plant were to germinate in the immediate
hydrochory - dispersal of seedsplants that grow in or along the bank of water bodies often utilize water as an agency for dissemination of fruits and
legume - development of seedsouter epidermis of the ovary usually forms the exocarp of the leguminous pod next few cell layers constitute the
stored metabolites - seed and fruitin a large majority of seeds food is stored in the cells of the endosperm in coconut wheat and castor bean for
caryopsis - development of fruitin cereals each carpel has one ovule and therefore the mature fruit has just one seed during maturation very little
wigs and hairs - seed appendages seeds of certain plants have epidermal outgrowths or the integuments themselves may form folds and projections that
operculum - seed appendagesthe term operculum is applied to a plug-like structure formed in the micropylar portion of the seed by proliferation of
caruncle - seed appendagesthis is a white collar-like structure borne on the micropylar end of the seed in many members of the euphorbiaceae such as
aril - seed appendagesit is an outgrowth that arises from the funicle or the testa near the raphe and covers the seed partially or completely it is
nucellus - seedin a large majority of flowering plants the nucellus is gradually utilized by the endosperm or embryo in leguminous seeds for example
seeda seed is a mature ovule enclosing an embryonic plant stored food material in endosperm persistent nucellus or embryo itself and a seed coat
embryos prom synergids the synergids which usually degenerate prior to or soon after double fertilization are reported to give rise to embryos in
uses of plural embryos although the basic that trigger causes polyembryony are not fully understood there has been no dearth of interest in
in vitro studies - nutrition of embryostudies involving culture of embryos excised of various stages of development ie early globular proembryo late
nutrition of embryo - in vivo studiesthe young proembryo derives its nutrition from ovular tissues with the help of suspensor as the embryo develops