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dormancy - plant growth substancesdormancy can be defined as a state of suspended growth and metabolism when most plants are exposed to seasonal
flower - plant growth substancesfloral initiation is a dramatic event involving a total changeover of the character and developmental pattern of the
stem - plant growth substancesthe role of auxins cytokinins ethylene and abscisic acid in controlling the apical bud dominance and lateral bud
root - plant growth substancesinduction of roots by auxins in stem cuttings is a well known phenomenon the concentrations needed are much lower as
abscisic acid aba - plant growth substancesin 1961 lice and cams isolated a substance in crystalline form from mature cotton fruit this substance
ethylene - plant growth substancesthis hydrocarbon c2h2 is a gas and is unbelievably a small and simple molecule to be accepted as a hormone ethylene
cytokinins - plant growth substancesfolke skoog observed that the cell division or differentiation is affected by amp and other purines a nucleic
gibberellins - plant growth substancesin late 1920s kurosawa observed that the medium in which the fungus gibberella had grown could cause the
auxins - plant growth substancesjulius sachs 1882 first suggested on the basis of his observations that there are special substances for forming
effects of plant growth regulators on developmentlike animals plants require input of energy from the outside environment to sustain growth and
reaction wood - root and shoot morphogenesisas a plagiotropic branch elongates it might be expected to bend downwards because of its increased weight
nastic and epinastic responses paratonic variation movements of plant parts in which direction of movement is independent of the direction of
geotropism - root and shoot morphogenesisroots always grow towards gravity the lot threshold of geotropic response requires as little time as one
photoreceptor - phototropismthe molecular nature of the photoreceptor is unsolved initially in the 1930s some form of carotenoid was thought to be
phototropism - root and shoot morphogenesis paratonic growth movement of part of a plant in response to light eg bending of stems of indoor plants
topology and cell organ shapestopology is an abstract mathematical exercise that deals with the possible shapes and surfaces of an
thermodynamics and cell shapeswhy are protoplasts cells devoid of cell wall spherical why are most of the unicellular organisms prokaryotes and
polarity - root and shoot morphogenesispolarity is defined as having a difference morphological physiological or both between the two ends of an axis
morphogenesis and totipotency a chlamydomonas mother cell gives rise to two daughter cells by a simple division but a leaf cell cannot give rise to a
flowering and endogenous rhythms the last four decades of studies in animals and plant physiology have clearly established the existence of a
effect of temperaturecertain plants such as the winter rye secale cereale and the biennial strain of henbane hyoscyamus niger require exposure to low
morphological changes - floral inductionsome of the morphological changes that accompany floral induction are change in the shape of meristem
floral initiation activation is generally most marked in the central zone of the meristems most of the responses following inductive treatment have
floral apex each plant must pass through a minimal ripeness to flower stage that is even to perceive and respond to a specific photoperiodic regime a
phytochrome - floral inductionphytochrome a pigment that exists in two different inter convertible forms was discovered by hendricks and borthwrick