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raised blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease the higher the blood pressure the higher the risk of stroke coronary heart
results of cabg in most centres where this operation is routinely conducted the mortality is 1-2 per cent in high-risk group of patients this may go
elderly is the treatment of hypertension different in elderly generally the target for treatment should be at lower levels in the elderly this is
list of conditions requiring rapid treatment of hypertension1 cardiacbull acute aortic dissection bull acute left ventricular failure bull
hypertensive emergencies should be treated within one hour hypertensive urgencies may be treated more slowly the term accelerated malignant
hypertensive emergencies are one of the important categories of hypertension and characterized by severe elevations in bp that are complicated by
central nervous system hypertension is one of the leading causes of cerebrovascular disease it has been associated with accelerated age related
echocardiography lv hypertrophy can be identified using m-mode and 2 d imaging indications of myocardial ischemic states and systolic functions can
ecg myocardial ischemia is indicated by t-wave inversionsleft ventricular hypertrophy lvh criteriar in avl gt13 mmr voltage in l1 s iii gt25 mms v1
high blood pressure makes your heart work harder and over time can damage blood vessels throughout your body if the blood vessels in your kidneys are
pulses careful examination of both upper and lower limb pulses is useful in detecting coarctation and other arterial stenosis the carotid arteries
the purpose of examining the abdomen should be for detection of renal artery bruit and abnormal kidney masses like kidney tumours and polycystic
comparison of cabg and angioplasty results of six major randomized clinical trials of multi vessel angioplasty vs cabg are now available the
the complications that occur in the heart due to hypertension are left ventricular hypertrophy diastolic dysfunction and cardiac failure there is
any elevation in bp is accompanied by increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and renal damage the most
use of beta-blockers in some centres patients are routinely put on beta-blockers after cabg european coronary artery surgery study showed that
careful palpation of the upper and lower limb pulses would make one suspect coarctation as the cause of hypertension the lower limb pulses are weak
anti lipid drugs the current thinking is that it is very important to keep lipid levels low it helps in preventing atherosclerotic changes in
anti platelet drugsin the early years of cabg patients used to be put on aspirin and persantin dipyridamole persantin is not routinely prescribed now
adrenal causes of hypertension are1 excess of aldosterone production in primary aldosteronism the diagnosis may be suspected when persistent
renal parenchymal disease is the commonest cause of secondary hypertension hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy and chronic glomerulonephritis
risk factor modification even after cabg patients are at risk of progression of native coronary artery disease and development of lesions in the
diet pre-operatively patients are on low calorie low fat diet however in the immediate post-operative period strict dieting is not advisable
advice on discharge patients are allowed to go home on 8th or 9th day it could be even earlier after off pump coronary artery surgery opcab they
types of hypertension are as followsessentialhypertension is called essential when no apparent cause is suspected or detected this accounts for