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name the four steps in pipeliningfetch read the instruction from the memorydecode decode the instruction and get the source operandexecute
what is a pipeline hazardany condition that causes the pipeline to stall is known as hazard they are also known as stalls or
what are the types of pipeline hazardsthe various pipeline hazards are 1 data hazard 2 structural hazard 3 control
what are the major characteristics of a pipelinethe major characteristics of a pipeline area pipelining cannot be executed on a single task as it
define pipeliningpipelining is an efficient way of organizing concurrent activity in a computer system the processor implements the program by
define emulationgiven a computer with a particular instruction set it is possible to explain additional machine instructions and execute them with
what is the draw back of micro programmed controlit leads to a slower operating speed because of the time it takes to fetch microinstructions from
explain bit-o-ring techniquethe micro program represents that branches are not always made to a one branch address this is a direct consequence of
what is vertical organization and horizontal organizationhighly encoded schemes that use compact codes to state only a small number of control
name some register output control signalspc out mdr out z out offset out r1 out r2 out r3 out and temp
what is the draw back of assigning one bit position to each control signalsassigning individual bits to every control signal results in long
what is control storethe microroutines for all the instructions in the instruction set of a computer are kept in a special memory known as the
define micro routine and microinstruction a sequence of control words corresponding to the control sequence of a machine instruction represents the
what is control worda control word is a word whose individual bits show the various control
what is micro programmed controlmicro programmed control is a scheme in which control signals are formed by a program same to machine language
what are the features of the hardwired controla controller that uses this approach can function at high speed it has little flexibility and the
what are the factors determine the control signals contents of the control step counter contents of the instruction register contents of the
what are the two approaches used for generating the control signals in proper sequence hardwired control micro programmed control
define register fileall general purpose registers are combined into a one block called the register
what is meant by branch instructiona branch instruction is an instruction which changes the contents of the pc with the branch target address this
what is wmfcwmfc if the control signals that causes the processors control circuitry to wait for the arrival of the mfc
define mfcto accommodate the variability in response time the processor waits unless it receives an indication that the requested read operation has
what is known as multiphase clockingwhen edge-triggered flip flops are not used two or more clock signals may be required to guarantee proper
define processor clockprocessor clock is explained as the time periods in which all operations and data transfer within the processor take
define data paththe registers the alu and the interconnecting bus are collectively referred to as the data