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ageing -the appearance of some changes as the body grows older is called ageing it ultinately leads to deathit can be defined as deteoration in
mechanism of regeneration -th morgan recognised 2 primary mechanisms -morpholaxisepim orphosis1 production of entire animal from a small fragmentit
types of regeneration -reparativerestorative1 it is limited to healing of wounds or replacement of cellsit can replace the lost part of body or
regeneration -natural ability of living being to replace worn out parts to repair damaged parts to regrow cost off organs amp to reform entire body
pattern of growth -1 isometric -in it an organ grows at the same rate as the rest of body external form of body is not
growth rate in animals -growth rate is different at different periods of lifegrowth period in human may be studied in 5 steps -i prenatal - in
kinds of growth -1 auxetic growth -body grows by enlargement of its cells without increase in number of cellseg nematodes
physiological condition for growth -it depends on anabolism and cetabolism if anabolism is more positive growthif both are balanced growth is zero if
growth at different levels -1 molecular level - it involves synthesis of new molecules and their aggregation into
significance of gastrulation -it results in the formation of three germ layersit also resutls in the formation of different organs amp organ
mechanism of gastrulation -it is most impotant stage of embryonal development in which single layered blastula converts into 2 or 3 layered
major events during gastrulation -1 there is rearrangement of cells due to morphogenetic movement of the cells of
gastrulation gastrulation is the process through which the presumptive areas of organ specific rudimetns present on the surface of blastula move
locomotioncontinuous formation of new pseudopodia keeps amoeba in constant locomotion this is called amoeboid movement it occurs
amoebasystematic positionamoeba was discovered by russel von rosenhoff in 1755 he called it the little proteus after the
phylum chordatadefinition and introduction bilateral and deuterostomial eucoelomate eumetazoa basically possessing in the embryo
phylum echinodermatadefinition and indroduction bilateral and deuterostomial eucoelomate eumetazoa with rough tough and leathery
phylum arthropodadefinition and introduction bilateral and protostomial eucoelomate eumetazoa with metamerically segmented and
phylum molluscadefinition and introduction basically bilateral and protostomial eucoelomate eumetazoans whose soft body l millis
phylum annelidadefinition and introductionbilateral and protosomial eucoelomate eumetazoans whose long narrow and
phylum nematoda nemathelminthes definition and introduction
phylum platyhelminthesdefinition and introduction bilateral and protostominal organ grade eumetazoans without a body cavity
phylum cnidaria coelenterata definition and introductiontissue grade eumetazoans with a radial symmetry the
phylum poriferadefinition and introductionlowest multicellular animals or metazoans without true tissues ie at cellular level or
phylum protozoadefinition and introduction all unicellular or acellular eukaryotic animalsmost primitive gr