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pathophysiology large haemorrhages and fibrinous lesions vegetate along the inflaked edges of valves the lesions develop on adjacent valve
valvular heart diseasesnormal heart valves function to maintain a uni-directional flow of blood through cardiac chambers two basic problems that
preventive measureprimary preventionearly detection and treatment of group a b-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis penicillin is the commonly
nursing interventionsprimary goals in acute rheumatic fever are control and eradication of the infecting organism prevent cardiac
assessment1 assess the past and present history of illness sore throat rheumatic fever and treatment received previously 2 family history of
nursing managementthe overall goals are that patient with rh fever will resume daily activities without joint pain reduce the risk of residual
diagnosis history and physical examination johns criteria echocardiogram show valvular insufficiency chest x-ray
pathphysiologystreptococcal upper respiratory infection leads to production of antibodies an abnormal immunological response to the upper
rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart diseasesrheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease of the heart potentially involving all layers of the heart
nursing processnursing assessmenthealth history-past-valvular congenital or syphilitic cardiac diseasecardiac surgeryhabits-iv drug abuseassess the
therapeutic accurate identification of the infecting organism is the key to successful treatment antibiotics as per the sensitivity study in
diagnosishealth history - any recent surgerydental procedures history of heart disease recent infectious diseases etcclinical
clinical manifestationsi evidence of systemic infection fever chills rigor night sweat loss of weight arthralgia arthritis backache muscle
pathophysiologyinfective endocarditis occurs when turbulence within the heart allows causative organism to infect previously damaged valves or
infective endocarditis it is an infection of the endocardial surface with micro organisms present in the lesion the endocardium is contagions with
nursing managementpropped up position monitor signs and symptoms and laboratory test results documenting myocarditis monitor adequacy of
diagnosisx-ray chest shows cardiomegaly ecg shows conduction defect low voltage qrs atrial and ventricular disrhythrnias echocardiogram -
myocarditismyocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium of the heart musclesi causes infection wrus bacteria fungus parasitesnon-infection
clinical manifestation occurs over an extended time period and mimic those of chf and corpulmonale dyspnea on exertion dependent odema ascitis
pericardiocentesisit is removal of fluid form the pericardial sac it is a specialized procedure done n icu or cardiac cath lab or ot a 16 or 18
pericarditisnursing managementmonitor-blood pressure pulse temperature respiration chills disphoresis jugular pressureassess for signs of cardiac
pericarditispericarditis is a syndrome caused by inflammation of the pericardiumcausesi infections bacterial pneumococci staphylococci
congenital heart diseases congenital heart diseases are classified in many ways one set of classification is cyanotic and acynotic conditions
test of deep vein thrombophlebitisplace blood pressure cuff on unaffected calf and inflate until pain is elicited usually greater than 150 mm
test for venous functionmake patient stand apply a tourniquet at mid-thigh firmly enough to occlude the superficial veins but not the deep veins