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advantages of rulesin addition to the general societal advantage of rules referred to above the organization and its employees can derive the
rulesrules are prescriptions for how members of a group ought to or not to behave they are specific and allow no discretion in any group situation
disadvantages of procedures1 procedures tend to inhibit rational and logical thinking the assumptions in the basis of which a procedure was designed
advantages of procedures1 procedures enhance efficiency the sequence of steps for any operation have been laid out in advance and one only needs to
problems associated with policies1 policies are liable to different interpretations since they allow discretion and are usually broad if made
policiesare general statements to guide subordinate thinking in the decision making processpolicies define the area within which a subordinate may
contingency planningcontingency planning is the part of the planning process that identifies alternative courses of action that an organization might
plana plan is a blueprint or framework used to describe how an organization expects to achieve its goals planning is the process of developing plans
mbo processmbo is the process of collaborative goal setting between the manager and his or her subordinates it assumes that goals are consistent or
goala goal is a statement of where the organization wants to be at a specified time in the future the purpose of goals is to provide direction to the
levels of strategythere are three levels of strategycorporate strategy is the overall grand strategy for the organization as a wholebusiness strategy
components of strategystrategy has four basic componentsscope which refers to the position the firm wants to have in relation to its
roles of managementmanagement roles have been grouped into three major groups1 interpersonal roles which involves the manager collecting and
management is a science or an artmanagement like most other arts involves some degree of skill and talent but management makes use of underlying
directing leadingthis is the function concerned with influencing organizational members to carry out their assigned roles and activities this
organizingwhich is the process of grouping resources and activities in a logical fashion the function of organizing involvesgrouping similar
planningwhich is the process of formulating future courses of action ie deciding in advance what needs to be done how it is to be done when it is to
definitions of managementseveral definitions of management have been given by different scholars mary follet defined management as having work done
i want some on in expert in it project management and follow exactly and carefully the structure
a highly sensitive device used to measure electricity activity in the brain is required to have a variance in measurements not exceeding 00001 volts2
information resources and selection principle the main objective of a library can be stated as to provide for the information needs of a given
article delivery over network information system adonisadonis is a consortium of biomedical journal publishers that supplies full-text journals on
electronic document delivery systemsthe systems employing electronic technology for the receipt of requests and supply of documents are known as
barriers to implementing tqmthe implementation of tqm in library organisations provides an opportunity to update and enhance the abilities of the
quality measurement procedurequality as a strategic issue implies i acceptance of the importance of customer requirements throughout the