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variables - statistical process controlthe output of many processes can be measured and an individual measurement may take any value on a continuous
assignable causes - causes of variabilityvariability in process output may also be the result of external causes which are separately identifiable
process adjustment and process capabilityprocess adjustmentin the event of the process veering towards non-conformance as a result of variables which
economic advantage of statistical process controlsince only samples of the output are measured the cost of the measurement is substantially less than
effect of statistical process controlthe essence of this approach is that having set up a process and established that it is stable sample
statistical process controlquality planning is a key feature of tqm is the prevention of non-conformance two of the pioneers of tqm edwards deming
performance amp productivity measurement -theory of constraint traditional financial measures of performance have been criticised by kaplan and
productivity of the organisationproductivity of the organisation is normally an operations problem - the operations function is usually the area of
focused improvement programmes - improving productivityallan lawlor 1985 director of action learning associates ala suggests - based on his
force-field analysis - improving productivity force-field analysis is based on the concept that any given level of productivity is the result of
brainstorming - improving productivitybrainstorming is a well-known ideas-generating technique aimed at producing new ideas before evaluation which
organisation development - improving productivity the objectives of organisation development are to change systems culture and behaviour in order
work study and value analysis - improving productivity by considering how work is carried out method study or considering alternative approaches
quality management systems - improving productivitythe introduction of approaches such as iso 9000 total quality management business process
strategies for improving productivityattempts to improve the productivity of an organisation require the manager to become involved in the management
natural resources - factors affecting productivity improvementnatural resourcesthe manner in which countries use the resources at their disposal is
structural adjustments - factors affecting productivity improvementstructural adjustment relates to the composition of society the industries in
external factors - factors affecting productivity improvementas was previously stated the organisation has no direct control over external factors be
soft factors - factors affecting productivity improvementpeople are the most important factor in any organisation not only by the way in which they
hard factors - factors affecting productivity improvementproductivity of the product is determined by the way in which the product fulfils its
internal factors - factors affecting productivity improvementthese are the factors which may be modified by the company and may in themselves be
factors affecting productivity improvement as has already been stressed productivity improvement is not simply concerned with finding ways of
quantitative versus qualitative measurementsa variety of formulae can be used to determine productivity as illustrated these are generally referred
consider - a small manufacturing company which produces high quality furniture has provided the following data
examples of productivity measures sales labour costs sales pay total value of sales billed labour costs investment