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portfolio classification of mutual fundsmutual funds differ with reference to the type of instruments in which the money has been invested as per the
types of equaty securitiesequity securities traditionally are classified into two types when they are issued they are common stock and preferred
types of mutual fundsthe objectives of a mutual fund are as followsto provide an opportunity for lower income groups to acquire property without much
swap marketthe fall of bretton wood system in early 1970s weakened of the pound it was imperative to stop the downward slide of the pound in order to
settlement of the index options contractin the index options contract the premium to be paid or to be received is calculated for each cm after
high-yield bonds are issued by organizations that do not qualify for investment-grade ratings by any one of the
if normal operating revenues are inadequate to repay the debt liquidation of collateral may be necessary corporate bonds can be either
trading in optionswe have already seen that options are traded on exchanges and have already discussed how to understand published quotations let us
cash flow analysis helps an analyst to identify certain financial difficulties which cannot be identified using the above
capitalization ratios are used for determining the extent to which the corporation is trading on its equity and the resulting
options marketsman has always been innovative and ingenuous his determination to improvise and overcome the limitations of various processes has
coverage ratios give the relationship between the financial charges of a firm and its ability to service them the four most
hedging using commodity futuresproducers of agricultural commodities are faced with price risk and production risk over a period of time and within a
institutional clearing member icma financial institution has to subscribe to at least 100 equity shares of rs10000 each to become an institutional
the ability of a firm to satisfy its debt obligations can be assessed using three sets of ratiosshort-term solvency
spreadsthe difference between two futures price is referred to as lsquospread for the same underlying good if there are two different prices on two
the relationship between futures price and cash priceany commodity that can be bought in the market has a price which is referred to as cash or spot
a holder in debt obligation though does not have any opportunity to share in the economic growth of the firm is interested in a firms
exchange of physicalsa trader can also complete the futures contract by engaging in exchange of physicals in this method the parties agree to
in addition to management quality an assessment of the financial capacity of a company should also include an evaluation of trends
settlement mechanismnifty index futures and option contracts are cash settled all cms are required to open a separate bank account with nsccl
margining systemindian capital markets have finally acquired an international flavor with the market-wide rolling settlement coming into place on
market price is used for determining the duration of a mortgage-backed security in the coupon curve duration this approach to calculate
there are two approaches to value asset-backed securities they arezero-volatility spread z-spread approachoption-adjusted
a cash-flow yield is the discount rate that makes the price of a mortgage-backed or asset-backed security equal to the present value of its