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openmp is a compiler directive based standard developed in the late 1990s jointly by a group of main computer hardware and software vendors it is
we know that all processors share a common memory in shared memory model every processor however can be assigned a different part of the program
link layer to move to packet from one node host or packet swtich0 to net node in the route the network layer
network layerthe internet network layer is responsible for moving network layer packets known data grams from
application layerthe application layer is where network applications and their application layer protocols reside the internet
protocol layeringto design structural network protocols the designers organize protocol and use the network hard ware and software to
layered architecturethe best way to understand any complex system is to break it into pieces and then analyze what they
protocol layers and their service models the internet is an extremely complicated system it consists of many pieces like numerous
satellite radio channelsa communication satellite links two or more earth microwave transmitter receiver know as ground stations
higher bandwidth fibre optic cable an support dramatically higher bandwidths than either twisted pair or coaxial
fiber optic cable a fiber optic cable is made of glass or plastic and transmits signals in the form of light pulses an optical fiber
twisted pair cabletwisted pair cable consists of two insulated copper wires each about 1 mm thick arranged in a regular
wireless accesswireless access connecting end systems that are often mobile into the network today there are two broad types of wireless
company accesscompany access is that in which end systems are connected in connecting end systems in a organization or educational
classification of access networks access networks can loosely be classified into three categories1residential access2company
subscriber database core network also hosts the subscribers database for e g hlr in gsm systems subscriber database is accessed
primary function core network typically providing the followings functionality1aggregation the highest level of aggregation in a
network protocolsin computer networks communication occurs between the entities in different systems an entity is
undesirable sharing with the good comes the bad while networking allow the easy sharing of useful information
hardware sharing network facilitate the sharing devices for example instead of giving each of 10 employees in
data sharingone of the most important uses of networking is to allow the sharing of data before networking was common an accounting employee who
advantages and disadvantage of computer networking most of the benefits of networking can be divided into two generic
financial servicestoday financial services are totally depended on computer network application includes credit history searchers foreign
securitysecurity is the protection of hardware software and data from unauthorized access restricted physical access to computer
reliabilityreliability is the measure of how often a network is usable mtsf mean time between failure is a measure of the average