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q what do you mean by plain elastomeric padsplain pads are used for light or moderate loadings plain pads have a tendency to bulge under heavy
q what are basic types of elastomeric bearingsthree basic types of elastomeric bearings are used1 plain elastomeric pads2 steel reinforced
q natural rubber and synthetic rubberthere is often a confusion between the words elastomer and neoprene while elastomer refers to the generic name
explain the methods of underwater inspectionthere are three common methods of carrying out underwater inspection of bridge elementsa wading
q show the result of vulcanizationas a result of vulcanization rubber molecules are cross-linked with sulphur this cross-linking makes the rubber
define underwater inspection methods - inspection of bridgemethod for underwater inspection of a bridge depends on type and extent of damage expected
an elastomer is a polymeric substance obtained after vulcanization of rubber vulcanization is the process of improving the properties of rubber by
define deferred maintenance - underwater inspection of bridgemany problems of the substructure can be traced to lack of any maintenance in time which
define abrasion - underwater inspection of bridgedeterioration of substructures by abrasion is caused by wave action the velocity of the currents and
define storms - underwater inspection of bridgestorms can have a detrimental effect on bridge substructure the velocity and depth of water and debris
define collisions - underwater inspection of bridgestructural damage to underwater portions of a bridge can either be collision related or direct
q what do you mean by elastomeric bearingssteel bearings are good but suffer from problems of corrosion and high level of maintenance due to these
define construction damage - underwater inspection of bridgeconstruction damage can result from improper procedures during the construction phase
define structural damage - underwater inspection of bridgestructural damage to the substructure below waterline can be classified as underi
method of greasing greasing of fixed end requires 20 to 25 minutes the lifting is hardly 10 mm ensuring that the gap is created between saddle block
define cast iron substructure - inspection of bridgecast iron also has the problem of corrosion due to atmosphere which is similar to that of steel
cleaning and greasing of rocker amp roller bearings of open web through girders in case of standard open web through girders no separate jacking
define overloading - deterioration in steelsteel structural elements are sensitive to impact damage from moving vessels and other types of accidental
define the fatigue failure - underwater inspection of bridgefatigue failure results in the fracture of structural members as a consequence of
cleaning and greasing of steel sliding bearings following equipments are required for greasing of steel sliding bearings1 jacks 50 ton capacity - 2
define structural connection loosening - deterioration in steelstructural connections joined together by rivets or bolts have a tendency to work
q lifting of girderslifting of girders for greasing the bearings girders are required to be lifted but the gap between the bottom flange of plate
define abrasion of steel structuresabrasion of steel structures can generally be recognised by a worn smooth polished appearance of the surface
explain the corrosion by the action of bacteriacorrosion can also be accelerated by the action of bacteria in the absence of oxygen
q maintenance of steel bearingscleaning and greasing of bearings is one of the important maintenance works to avoid premature failure of bearings and