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define cleanliness of surface - limitations of ultrasonic systemsound energy transmission is greatly affected by marine growth on the surface of the
explain the limitations of rebound hammerthe following characteristics of concrete can affect the correlation of the rebound number with the actual
explain rebound hammer - underwater non-destructive testingthe underwater rebound hammer system is a surface hardness tester which can be employed to
define the working of ground penetrating radarground penetrating radars gpr and low frequency sound are also used in scour survey these are good in
define fixed instrumentation - sounding or sensing devicesit is possible to monitor local scour at pier or abutment using fixed instrumentation as an
define fathometer with the odolite - soundingsensing devicesthe horizontal scale problem in use of fathometer can be solved by using equipment which
define dual frequency and colour fathometer - soundingsensing devicesdual frequency and colour fathometers can be used to detect refill in the
define advantages and disadvantages black amp white fathometeradvantages of the black amp white fathometer are- inexpensive- effectivedisadvantages
define black amp white fathometer - non-destructive testingmost commonly used sounding device is black amp white fathometer the units are compact and
define sounding or sensing devicessounding devices are effective in checking scour in the streambed adjacent to a bridge although soundingsensing
explain the non destructive inspection steelcast iron substructuressome of the structural defects in steel structures may not be visible during
define equipments and tools for inspection of steelcast iron substructuresto ensure thorough inspection the area must be cleared of all marine growth
define underwater inspection of steel or cast iron structuresunderwater inspection of steelcast iron structures may be carried out as underi start
define inspection of steel or cast iron substructurescorrosion is the principal cause of deterioration in steel waterfront substructures on bare
define non-destructive inspection of concrete substructuresif there is evidence of significant deterioration then a level iii inspection involving
define inspection of pier or abutmentinspection of pierabutment may then be carried out as underi conduct visual inspection of the entire surface
define equipments and tools required for under water inspection of bridgesince the underwater inspection of stone masonry substructures involve only
define role of diver in underwater inspection of bridgedivers role is primarily to point out a potential scour problem the diver can use one of the
define investigation scour for underwater inspection of bridgeinvestigation scour is probably the most critical item to be aware of when performing
define cleaning for underwater inspection of bridgebefore any structure can be inspected it is necessary to expose the surface material of the
define safety precautions for underwater inspection of bridgethe working agency should have its own diving safety manual which should be strictly
define divers in a team for underwater inspection of bridgeone team of divers should have minimum three members this is a requirement of safe working
define diver qualification - diving operation for bridge inspectionthe requisite qualification for divers and diving supervisors are given in is
the process of installation of elastomeric bearing differs in case of precast vis-a-vis cast-in-situ girders for precast girders the bearing may be
define diving operation - preparation for underwater inspectionuse of experienced divers trained and screened by a reputed commercial diving school