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homocyclic or carbocyclic - closed chain compoundshomocyclic are the compounds that comprising a ring or rings of carbon atoms just only in the
cyclic or closed-chain compounds cyclic compounds consist of at least one ring or closed chain of atoms the compounds along with just only one ring
molecular formula of gaseous hydrocarbons eudiometryeudiometry is a direct method for calculation of molecular formula of gaseous
molecular formulamolecular formula of a substance provides the actual number of atoms that present in one molecule of the substancemolecular formula
empirical formulaempirical formula of a substance provides the simplest whole number ratio among the atoms of the various elements exist in one
calculation of empirical formulathe steps included in the calculation are as followsa divide the percentage of each element by its atomic volume
depression in freezing point - physical methods for non-volatile substances mol mass 1000 kf w w deltatwhere kf stands for molal depression
elevation in boiling point mol mass 1000 kb w w deltat in which kb stands for molal elevation constant of the solventw stands for mass of the
physical methods for non-volatile substances the non-volatile organic compounds molecular mass can be ascertained by noting either the elevation in
hofmann method - determination of molecular massthe method is applied to those substances that are not stable at their boiling points but that may be
determination of molecular mass - victor meyer methodmolecular mass of volatile liquids and solids that can be easily ascertained from the
quantitative analysis - estimation of elements after qualitative analysis of elements the another step in the determination of molecular formula of
method for detection of elements - oxygenthere is no any type of satisfactory qualitative method for the detection of oxygen though its presence can
method for detection of elements - phosphorusphosphorus is detected through fusing the organic compound along with sodium peroxide while phosphorus
beilstein test or copper wire test - halogensa clean copper wire is heated in the bunsen flame till it does not impart any type of green colour
oxidation test - sulphur sulphur can as well be tested by oxidation test the organic compound is fused along with fusion mixture a mixture of sodium
lassaigne methodthis is employed to detect halogen nitrogen and sulphur organic compounds are fused along with dry sodium in a fusion-tube and fused
mixed melting point - criteria of purity of organic compound the melting point of two carefully mixed substances is known as mixed melting point this
criteria of purity of organic compounds the purity of an organic compound can be determined by ascertaining its some physical constants such as mp bp
for liquids - drying of organic substancesorganic liquids are usually dried by keeping them over night in contact along with a dehydrating
drying of organic substances- purification of organic compoundsseveral solids are dried first by pressing them gently in between folds of filter
chemical methods - purification of organic compoundsbesides these physical methods few chemical methods have as well been utilized to separate a
differential extraction - purification of organic compounds this technique is employed for the separation of an organic compound that solid or liquid
types of chromatography- purification of organic compoundsdepending on the nature of the stationary and the mobile phases the different types of
principle of chromatography - purification of organic compoundsthe method of chromatography is based on the difference in the rates at which the