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free cash flows can be arrived at by using the following calculationoperating profit before interest and tax pbit
q free cash-flow valuationsearnings create dividends for shareholders in theory the value of a company is the value of the companys future earnings
alfred rappaports definition of shareholder wealth value shareholder value corporate business value - debt the corporate value represents the
the following details are available for company z middot share price at the beginning of the year pound387 share price at the end of the year
q evaluate total shareholder returntotal shareholder return tsrtsr dividend per share growth in share price market share price at the start of the
q evaluate the dividend yieldcreating shareholder value dividend yielddividend yield dividend per share market share price x
q problems of pursuing only profit objectives- conflict with other stakeholder goals for example customers will want a better service and not want to
q diffrence between roce and riboth roce and ri are good measures to use when assessing financial performance since both consider the capital
q show the example on residual incomedivision a makes and sells a single product and is assessed by the residual income it earns the head office of
q show the merits of residual incomemerits of residual income ri- consistent or goal congruence with profit maximisation eg an enforced measure
q explain about residual incomeresidual income is profit earned by a division less a notional interest charge for investment of finance within
division x has a target return on investment roi of 12 it has fixed costs of pound400000 and a variable cost per unit of pound5 the net
q show the demerits of using return on investmentthe following disadvantages maybe experienced when choosing to use roi as a primary performance
q show the merits of using return on investmentmerits of using return on investment roi- relative percentage measure so performance can be
q illustrate about return on capital employedreturn on capital employed roce profit before interest and tax pbit
problems of profit based measures - absolute profit measures ignore the amount of investment in the division eg does not look at profit relative
q what is uncontrollable costs uncontrollable costs general apportioned fixed overhead eg group overhead allocated or apportioned to divisions which
q what do you mean by controllable costscontrollable costs divisional variable marginal cost divisional specific fixed cost eg specifically
q methods for evaluating the performance of divisionsprofit based methods for evaluating the performance of divisionsoperating profit net profit
q show the arguments against the controllability principle- political arguments may occur over such costs which are more subjective than
q arguments for the controllability principle - it would be considered fairer by a manager if they were not assessed on costs which are not within
q evaluating the performance of divisionsthe controllability principle is concerned with assessing performance based upon measures that can be
controlling subsidiaries mission statement goals and objectives performance measurement systems eg financial ratios and multidimensional frameworks
contrasting strategic planning to strategic control strategic planning is a more centralised planning approach senior management tend to focus less
goold and campbell identified three styles of strategic management looking at ways in which control can be divided between senior management and