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the world bankthe world bank is another of the brettonwoods twin sisters the world bank as it obtains presently is an umbrella organisation
special drawing rightsthe late 1960s witnessed that the growth in world resources did not keep pace with the growth in international trade the
exchange rate policyafter the second amendment to the articles of agreement of imf which came into effect on april 1 1978 every member is free to
use of resources - international monetary fundimf provides temporary assistance to member-countries to tide over balance of payments deficits when
members quota in imf quota represents the subscription by a member country to the capital fund of the imf quotas are fixed for each country
structure of the imfthe central office of the imf is in washington dc usa it has 184 members it is affiliated to the uno the highest authority of
international monetary fundinternational monetary fund imf is one of the two institutions that were established as a result of the brettonwoods
international monetary fundthe international monetary fund imf the world bank and the international trade organisation were conceived at the
reorganisation of export councils india has a large number of exporpromotion councils commodity boards and other similar agencies butheir impact on
strong domestic economywe have to realise that healthy export sector can be built up only on a strong and efficient domestic economic structure
quality control standards and standardisation quality systems certification and inspections measurement systems testing laboratories their
warehousing facilities these should be expanded in important commercial centres abroad specially for fast-moving consumer goods nowadays
participation in global system of production as national economies are getting more inter-linked the share of foreign components in
continuity and regularity we should make it a point that once we have entered the market for a particular commodity and have gained some
selective in exportsthere are many industries where india has an advantage because of relatively lower costs of all forms of manpower whether
supply of basic industrial inputs allowing their duty-free imports by exporters would require an elaborate machinery of customs and
market penetration indian entrepreneurs have to constantly bear in mind the fast changing trade trends and re-orient their strategies to derive
export entrepreneurship this need be developed by providing necessary facilities and making export an attractive and profitable business
building up a stable and viable export production baseit is necessary to make a deliberate production plan and to earmark a part of production
separate administrative set-up for exports it may be worth examining the setting up of foreign trade board similar to what obtains in japan
strategic planning for enhancing exportsstrategic planning for enhancing exports need to be undertaken at the national level it is necessary
resilience in addition to strengththe bop has been in overall surplus since 1996-97 with forex reserves rising on an average by 850 billion per
exchange rate policy lerms a dual exchange rate system was introduced in the budget for 1992-93 under this system 40 per cent of foreign
preference to non-debt creating capital flows the most important element of strategy has been the paradigm shift in the attitude towards inflow