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explain the difference between the three storage types - volatile non volatile and stable ans volatile
explain pipelining ans in order to describe pipelining in simple terms think of it as breaking down processor functions into
explain the rules for creating a labelled precedence graph for testing view serializability ans a schedule
illustrate the statement projection operation distributes over the union operation give an example ans pile1 cup e2 pile1 cup
define and differentiate between ordered indexing and hashingans ordered indexing to gain fast random access to records in a file we can make of an
describe sequential file organization explain the rules for i inserting a new record ii deleting an existing
what are the problems if one were not to normalize when do these problems surface ans database
define the division operation of relational algebralet r be a relation comprising attributes a1apap1an and s comprising attributes ap1an def
what is completeness constraint on generalization define the variation between total and partial design constraint give an example
explain the b tree b tree is a type of tree which denotes sorted data in a way that permits for efficient insertion retrieval and removal of records
define assertions in sqla an assertion is a predicate that is expressing a condition we wish the database to always satisfy b domain constraints
what is data dictionarya data dictionary is a reserved space in a database that is employed to store information about the database itselfa data
views in relational algebra 1 basic expression contains either a a relation in the databaseb a constant relation2 general expressions
what are the costs to be considered when a transaction has to be rolled back when recovering from deadlock ans a few
compare wait-die deadlock prevention scheme with wait-wound scheme ans wait-die scheme a based upon a nonpreemptive technique b if
explain the acid properties of a transactionans acid properties are a significant concept for databases the acid stands for atomicity consistency
compare the nested-loop join and block-nested loop joinans nested loop join - it is costly as worst case cost no of block accesses needed is nr
describe the nested-loop join and block-nested loop join ans the block nested- loop join algorithm is as described
differentiate between strict two-phase and rigorous two-phase with conversion protocolans strict two-phase locking holds all its exclusive that
define two-phase locking protocolans two-phase locking is significance in the context of ensuring that schedules are serializable the two-phase
describe the different raid levels discuss the choices of the different raid levels for different
describe the various types of online analytical processing olap tools and briefly discuss how the support common analytical
using a labelled diagram explain the operation of the data warehouse define the basic architectural components and outline the main functionalities
explain the exec statement in sql ans all statements which start with exec sql are embedded sql database statements high level languages such as c
what is triggertrigger a database trigger is procedural code which is automatically executed in response to specific events on a particular table in