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how many levels can be viewed in architecture of the database architecture of the database can be viewed as three
what is the full form of odbc odbc stands for open database
why as clause is used in sql as clause is used for rename operation lsquoas clause is used in sql for rename operation eg select eno as employeeno
why dml is used fordml is used to manipulation and processing of database dml is provided for manipulation amp processing of database data stored in
which operator is cartesian product in relational algebracartesian product in relational algebra is a binary operator it requires two operands eg p x
what type of view of total database contentdata base content conceptual view of total database
what is relational calculus relational calculus is a non- procedural
in which relational modes cardinality is termedanswer cardinality is termed in a number of tuples relational
in this assignment you will create a program that works with multiple tables in this assignment you will work with the factory and sales tables1
define fifth normal form is concerned with ans fifth normal form is concerned with join
define what immediate database modification technique uses ans both undo and
determine which is not a consequence of concurrent operations ans update
what is a securitysecurities are claims on financial assets they can be illustrated as claim checks which give their owners the right to receive
define outer joinouter join - if there are any type of values in the one table that do not have corresponding values in the other in an equi-join
explain deadlock detection and recoverydeadlock detection - a deadlock is said to take place when there is a circular chain of transaction every
explain clustering file organizationi determine if a record of file is physically ordered on a nonkey field - that does not comprise a different
what is a checkpoint list the operations to be performed by the system when a checkpoint is to be taken what does the recovery system do if there is
explain the log based recovery methodthe system log that is generally written on stable storage consists of the redundant data required to recover
discuss the difference between drop table r and delete from r drop table command deletes all the records with the table definition this command
explain the check clausethe check clause is employed to at the end of a create table statement specify table constraints this is known as table-based
discuss the count functionthe count function used returns the number of tuples or values fixed in a querythe count function comprises two types of
how nulls are treated in comparison operatoralong with comparison relational operators the null values are ignored as we cannot derive the relation
what is difference between primary index and secondary indexprimary indexa it is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two
what are the disadvantages of file-processing system ans the disadvantages of file-processing systema data redundancy and inconsistency - data
explain the project-join normal forma relation r is in pjnf along with respect to a set of functional dependencies d if for all join dependencies of