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program levelthis is normally the liability of os operating system that runs processes simultaneously different programs are generally independent of
procedure levelhere parallelism is obtainable in the form of parallel executable procedures in that case design of algorithm plays a key role eg
loop levelat this stage following loop iterations are candidates for parallel execution though data dependencies among subsequent iterations can
instruction levelit refers to condition where different instructions of a program are implemented by different processing elements most processors
the need of parallel computation with the growth of computer science computational pace of the processors has also increased many a times though
granularitygranularity refers to the quantity of computation done in concurrent relative to the size of whole program in concurrent computing
the concept of concurrent and parallel executionreal world systems are concurrent in nature and computer science is about modeling the real world
the concept of threada thread is a sequential flow of control within a process a process is able to have one or more threads threads have their own
the concept of programfrom a programmers viewpoint generally a program is a well-defined set of instructions written in a specific programming
explain performance evaluation in parallel computingin this section we will discuss the key attributes used to measure performance of a computer
concept of temporal parallelism in order to make clear what is meant by parallelism inherent in solution of a problem lets discuss an example of
expalin the history of parallel computersthe researches with and implementations of use of the parallelism started long back in the 1950s by ibm
objectives of parallel computingafter reading this topic you would be able to tell historical details of parallel computing explain the fundamental
parallel computing has been a topic of interest in computing society over the previous few decades ever-growing amount of databases and increasing
q what is of control of control tells the ratio among superiors and subordinates generally organizations are having two different types of
q explain about strategic planning and sensitivity trainingformulation of business strategy with the due consideration of environmental analysis and
qwhat do you mean by the term bounded rationality in decision makingmaximizing the outcomes of a decision is an ideal stage habitually it is an
q define organizinggrouping of related activities together identification of required activities and forming departments and coordinating various
q what you mean by organizational effectivenessorganizational effectiveness is measured in terms of productivity structural flexibility employee
what are the importance of decentralizationa self responsibility b work autonomy c quick decisions d continuous involvement and e better controlwhat
q weighted-average under perpetual inventory procedureweighted-average under perpetual inventory procedure in perpetual inventory procedure firms
q how to correct the error condition while copying file in dosin most case dos allows you to correct the error condition and retry the command by
q what are common reason for error massages while copying filewhile copying files with copy dos in encounters any error it displays a suitable error
q how to copy files from a drive and directoryyou can copy files from a drive and directory other that the currently selected onehowever in that case
q how to copy several files in one strokethe copy command can also be used to copy several files in one stroke by using wildcards for example