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q good surface regularity for sub-base in concrete pavementsurfaces of sub-base material for concrete carriageway must be built in a regular manner
q direction of placing the main weight of reinforcement in concrete pavementthe reinforcement of concrete pavement is typically in the form of
q show the application of concrete crash barriersconcrete crash barriers arent considered as the best barrier design due to the following reasons
q diffrence between concrete road and bituminous roadconcrete road belongs to rigid pavement and they dont deflect under traffic loads quite the
q compacted thickness of bituminous pavementthe choice of compacted thickness is closely related to the nominal maximum size of aggregates of
q corner reinforcement for concrete pavementlets consider a panel of concrete slab without any load transferring devices at it edges when concrete
q illustrate bituminous surfacing over concrete structuresusage of bituminous surfacing over concrete structures for instance existing concrete roads
q bitumen emulsions - difference between anionic emulsions and cationic emulsionsbitumen emulsions comprises particles of bitumen dispersed in water
q asphalt mix design - durability vs stabilitythe main aim of asphalt mix design is to achieve a mix with economical blending of aggregates with
q roadworks - filler and binder in bituminous pavementin bituminous materials course aggregates perform the bulking action of mixture and contributes
q which type of pile cap transfers loads equally to piles flexible pile cap orrigid pile cap loads from columns transferring to pile cap persuade
q explain strain compatibility in mini-pilesin designing the axial capacity of mini-piles grout can be taken into account in the contribution of
q illustrate shaft grouting for friction barrettesfor the construction of friction barrettes some grout pipes are designed at periphery of the
q show the stresses during pile drivingstresses during pile driving in pile driving operation proper selection of piling hammers is necessary to
q reasons of using compressed air as drilling fluidfor rotary drilling in ground investigation works drilling fluid is generally used to clear and
q reverse and direct circulation drill drilling in pilingfor reverse circulation drilling and direct circulation drilling major difference in
q principle of airlifting for cleaning pile boresairlifting is generally carried out before concreting to remove debris and clean the base of pile
q necessity of pile tip cover for rock-socketed h-pilesin current practice concrete cover is generally provided at the pile tips of pre-bored h-piles
q explain the maximum spacing of pilesone of the factors which affect the distribution of loads from the structures to each pile is assumption of
q holes in steel plates connecting to h-piles there are two types of holes present in the steel plate associated to h-piles in the pile cap the first
q define hammer efficiency and coefficient of restitutionhammer efficiency refers to ratio of kinetic energy of hammer to the rated energy or
functions of different reinforcement in a typical pile cap loads from columns transferring to pile cap persuade tensile forces at the bottom of cap
q explain forty-five degree spread rule for driven piles for driven piles the length of piles driven into the ground is generally based on dynamic
q fixed vs pinned connection between piles and pile capsthe type of connection amid piles and pile caps affects the load carrying capacity of pile
q false set in pile drivingfor pile driving in certain soils such as dense silt and weathered rock occurrence of false set phenomenon isnt uncommon