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If DNA and a base were inserted at the beginning of the 5' end of the molecule, how would that affect protein synthesis and the resultant protein? (Hint: think about the code)
Each of the following pairs of primers have a problem with it. Tell why the primers would not work well.
Describe how you would use site-directed mutagenesis to change a BamHI restriction site into an EcoRI site.
If a DNA polymerase other than the polymerase from Thermus aquaticus was used in the PCR process, what would happen.
Electrophoretic mobility, describes the velocity of a particle moving through a gel matrix under the influence of an electrical field. Given a constant electrical field.
What happened to Rosalind Franklin with respect to her career following the discovery of the chemical nature of DNA.
Compare the DNA Replication process in cells with the process occurring in the PCR replication.
Discuss different models for DNA replication that were considered by early researchers. Explain why they settled on the current model for DNA replication. Describe this model in detail and interpret
Genetic variability is beneficial for a species because it enhances its ability to adapt to changing conditions. Why then does a cell go to great lengths to assure the fidelity of DNA replication.
Can you think of a way in which you could inhibit this repair mechanism in bacteria that have been exposed to UV radiation.
Those with chronic myelogenous leukemia have a piece of chromosome 9 connected to chromosome 22 in the cancerous cells. This connection in chromosomes in referred to as a 9:22 translocation.
Discuss why RNA polymerases are not able to correct base errors during replication or transcription. Describe the biological consequences of the protein that may develop in this case.
The blood disease beta-thalassemia results from homozygosity for a defective allele in the gene coding for the beta hemoglobin subunit. Homozygotes for the beta-thalassemia allel die in childhood.
If both parents must have a point mutation in their CF genes in order to create a child with CF, how common do you think the disease is in the population? Explain.
Make a mutation in the DNA sequence by changing only one base pair that you expect would have no affect on the protein that is made.
A particular DNA mutation produces a UGA stop codon in the middle of the RNA coding for a specific protein. A second mutation in the cell causes a single nucleotide change in a tRNA.
What are the various types of genetic mutations in terms of how they occur, as well as their effects on the DNA sequence and the resulting protein product.
Two phages with genotype x+ y - and x- y + are crossed. What are the genotypes of the possible recombinant types? Are any of them wild-type.
An autosomal dominant disease (Huntington disease) is being transmitted in the pedigree below. A two-allele marker (designated 1 and 2) has been typed for each family member.
Two new hair dyes A and B were tested in the Ames test. Both were tested with and without liver homogenate. Two auxotrophic strains of bacteria were used, one in which the auxotrophy was caused by a
In a population, 30% of the females are pure dominant, 60% are hybrid, and 10% are pure recessive. If a pure recessive male mates with a random female and their first offspring has the dominant trai
Suppose you are given the task of genetically modifying a mouse so that its skin cells secrete a bitter tasting protein that will protect it from predation.
Of the genes that code for CAK, wee1, and cdc25, which would you expect, when mutated, to stop a cell from continuing to divide? Which would you expect, when mutated, to cause the cell to proliferat
Determine the degree of drift affecting a population.
Now consider another locus, with the following fitnesses. Let the initial q=.25, and assume random mating. Ignore mutation, migration, and genetic drift.