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assessment the severity of symptoms depend on degree of obstruction in case of severe obstruction ecg shows right ventricular or
circulationif central pulses femoral in infants and carotid in children are not palpable begin chest compression without losing
aortic stenosis aortic stenosis is due to an obstructive lesion that interferes with the blood flow out of the left ventricle depending upon
palliative procedures i this consists of enlarging the existing for a men ovale by putting a baloon through the defect baloon septostomy so
airwayplace the patient supine on a firm surface with his head at level or slightly lower than the level of heart immediately
cyanotic congenital heart disease so far we have discussed the acyanotic congenital heart disease now we shall discuss some of the main
implementation of nursing care administration of appropriate drugs if the surgery is not necessary or if it is postponed for some time
cardio pulmonary resuscitationcessation of cardiac activity is determined by inability to palpate a central pulse unresponsiveness and
pathophysiology if the ductus arteriosus does not close after birth the higher pressure in the aorta than in the pulmonary artery causes
common endocrine disorderswe shall focus on two conditions diabetes mellitus and diabetes inspidus diabetes mellitus diabetes
patent ductus arteriosus pda pda is one of the most common cardiac anomalies it occurs twice as frequently in girls as in boys in
disorder of adrenal functionthe disorders of adrenal function may lead to acute and chronic adrenocortical insufficiency let
management in case of small defects surgical treatment is not indicated because spontaneous closure may occur before one to two years of
assessment on assessment a child with ventricular septal defect will show clinical manifestations depending upon the size of the defect the
disorder of parathyroid functionthe disorders of parathyroid function may either lead to increased production or decreased production
ventricular septal defect vsd in ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle anatomically 90 per
hyperthyroidism graves diseasegraves diseases is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children and is usually associated with
disorders of thyroid functionthe disorders of thyroid function may lead to following problems juvenile hypothyroidismhypothyroidism is one of
disorders of pituitary functionthe disorders of pituitary function result in following conditions hypopituitarism growth hormone gh
cyanotic heart diseasein this there is a communication between pulmonary and systemic circulation through which venous blood enters the
acyanotic congenital heart disease in this infant has no cyanosis because there is no abnormal communication between pulmonary and systemic
nursing assessment these children present with excessive salivation and droofing of saliva from the mouth coughing gagging even choking and
empyemaempyema is accumulation of thick pus in the pleural cavity primary infection of pleura does not arise so the pathology may either be in
lung abscesslung abscess is a localised collection of pus in the pulmonary parenchyma as a result of suppuration and necrosis the
bronchiectasisbronchiectasis literally means abnormal dilation of bronchi it is a chronic inflammatory condition which is characterised by