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regeneration leading to asexual reproduction regeneration is described as the replacement of the lost parts of the body of an organism this capacity
formation of gemmules throughout the formation of gemmules masses of food - laden amoebocytes called archaeocytes feed on other cells and lay down in
strobilation - types of asexual reproductionstrobilation is a type of asexual reproduction in which successive segments are separated off from the
budding - types of asexual reproductionin reproduction through budding small groups of cells form buds in some part or parts of the parent animal the
fragmentation - types of asexual reproductionfragmentation is a phenomenon where parent animal spontaneously on its own accord splits into two or
multiple fission - types of asexual reproductionmultiple fission is a variation of fission where the parent divides mitotically into a number of
binary fission - types of asexual reproductionbinary fission is a procedure in which an organism divides mitotically into two equal individuals which
asexual reproduction in animalsreproduction may be referred as production of true copies most of the animals that are quite familiar to us generate
hormones controlling other functions crustaceans exhibit pronounced capacity for physiological color changes it is known that the color changing
insects - hormones in growth and reproductionin insects hormones regulate moulting and metamorphosis the larvae or nymphs which hatch out of the eggs
crustaceans - hormones in growth and reproductionarthropods have a tough and frequently hard exoskeleton made up of cuticle composed of chitin and
molluscus - hormones in growth and reproductionwe know quite well about the endocrine mechanism of growth and reproduction in the freshwater snail
annelids - hormones in growth and reproductionstudies on polychaetes have displayed that the endocrine glands play a key role in growth and
corpus cardiacum - endocrine organswe before mentioned that corpus cardiacum pl corpora cardiaca is a neurohemal organ in insects it is gland of
neurosecretory cells and neurosecretionwe have before said that the neurosecretory cells are an important component of the non- chordate endocrine
endocrine versus neural integration a question that surely comes across your mind is what is the need for two types of integrative mechanisms the
endocrine system the nervous system brings about integration and co-ordination of several activities of the animal the afferent stimuli from several
photoreceptorsphotoreceptors are concerned in absorption of light by photosensitive pigments the chemical change involved produces the impulse
chemoreceptorsthese are receptors included in perception of chemical stimuli you will see that there are three kinds of chemoreceptors among
stretch receptorsstretch receptors able of perception of muscle tension or stretch are distributed in the connective tissue related with muscles of
giant nerve fibres we now know that giant nerve fibres take place in the central nervous system of many polychaetes oligochaetes insects cephalopod
information processing in sensory neuronyou have previously seen that the sensory neuron transmits the information it receives as an action potential
properties of receptorsthe receptors collect information concerning the change in the environment such as temperature illumination etc in lower
motor control in annelids and arthropodsin annelids and arthropods generally individual metameric ganglia of the ventral nerve cord are capable of
advanced nervous systems - general trend in evolution in higher groups of animals you will observe clear trends towards centralisation of the nervous