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a what are the two types of chemical compound which combine to form a lipid b what elements are present in a lipida lipids are formed from the
q explain aortic valvuloplastyvalvar aortic stenosis accounts for 4-6 per cent of chd lv outflow tract obstruction eventually leads to lv dysfunction
q explain the procedure of balloon pulmonary valvuloplastyright heart study is done to measure the transvalvular gradient and exclude supravalvular
give three examples of cell structures which contain structural proteins what is the other type of protein in a cell a cytoplasm the cell membrane
pulmonary stenosis is a relatively common congenital heart defect usually these children with mild to moderate pulmonary stenosis survive into
which of the structures are a in plant and animal cells b in plant cells but not in animal cellsa plant and animal cells having cytoplasm cell
q explain the technique of balloon mitral valvuloplastythe procedure is performed by cannulation of the right femoral vein and the procedure is
q anatomic factors in patient selection for mitral valvuloplasty the ideal patient is young has pliable non calcified mitral leaflets and mild
q explain percutaneous interventionsover the last two decades significant strides have been made in the field of balloon valvuloplasties both in
assessment of tricuspid and pulmonary orifice areas due to the rarity of tricuspid stenosis and pulmonary stenosis no general agreement exists on
q illustrate mitral valve orifice areathe normal mitral valve orifice in an adult is 4-5cm2 when the valve is completely open in diastole when the
q explain hydraulic formulathis relates to pressure gradient and velocity of flowv2 cv2 2gh or v cv 2ghwherein v velocity of flow cv
q derive gorlin formulaformula i first hydraulic formula toricellis lawf avccwhere f flow ratea orifice areacc coefficient of orifice
q what is stenotic and regurgitant lesionsthe normal cardiac valves offer little resistance to blood flow even when flow velocity is high when
q illustrate stentsstents are metallic scaffolds that are deployed within a diseased segment of a coronary artery to establish and then maintain a
q explain the process of angioplastyinflation of stenotic segment causes stretching of the vessel fracture of the intimal plaque partial disruption
q illustrate about components of an angioplasty system1 guiding catheter the ideal guiding catheter must have a lumen diameter ie at least twice that
q can you explain coronary angioplastythe concept of coronary angioplasty - enlargement of the lumen of a stenotic vessel by a catheter technique was
q grading of stenosis and grading of coronary artery diseasemultiple views are necessary to quantify coronary stenosis accurately further there
q explain right and left dominant circulationright dominant circulation in 85 per cent of patients the right coronary artery goes on to form the av
q explain brachial or radial approach this technique involves performing the coronary angiogram through the right brachial artery in the right
q describe the procedure of femoral approachthe catheter is inserted into the femoral sheath and advanced to the level of the left mainstem bronchus
q explain femoral approachthis approach involves the insertion of a catheter over a guidewire ie inserted into a sheath in the right femoral artery
q can you explain about diagnostic coronary angiographydiagnostic coronary angiography has become one of the primary components of cardiac
q describe shuntsdetection localization and quantification of intracardiac shunts are one of the most important exercises in cardiac catheterization