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A Closed system undergoes a reversible process from 220 K to 440 K with the heat transferred per degree of temperature being given by dQ/dT = 0.45 kJ/K and the work by dW/dT = 0.12 kJ/K.
A mass of 1 kg of air contained in a cylinder at 1.5 MPa, 1000 K, expands in a reversible isothermal process to a volume 10 times larger.
The loading on the piston is such that the product PV is a constant. Assuming that the room temperature is 20°C, Show that this process does not violate the second law.
The cold space that absorbs the energy could be a bath of liquid water and ice. Calculate the change of entropy of the cooling medium.
Suppose that 1 kg of saturated water vapor at 100ºC is condensed to a saturated liquid at 100ºC in a constant-pressure process by heat transfer to the surrounding air, which is at 25º
Heat must be transferred from the cold space at a rate of 2 kW to maintain its temperature at -30ºC. What is the theoretically smallest (power) motor required to operate this freezer?
At the exit, P2 = 15 bar, and the velocity is 665 m/s. The mass flow rate is 2 kg/s. Determine the exit area of the nozzle, in m2.
The rate of flow of steam is 0.5 kg/s. Calculate the quality or temperature of the steam leaving the nozzle and the exit area of the nozzle.
What is the change in depth and in water surface elevation produced when a gradual contraction in the channel to a width of 2.6 m take place?
Find the compressor work per unit mass for A) isentropic Compression with k=1.4 B) polytropic compression with n=1.3 and C) isothermal Compression.
Determine the entropy change of nitrogen during this compression process by using A) property value from the nitrogen table and B) average specific heats.
The coolant is air and is maintained at 20°C and has a velocity of 20 m/s in cross flow over the tube. Determine the thermal entry length and the rate of heat transfer to the air.
The rod is 250 cm long and is maintained at a temperature of 35°C. Determine the average heat transfer coefficient for the rod.
The plate is cooled to a surface temperature of 12°C. Determine the average heat transfer rate for the upper surface.
The oil enters the pipe at 55°C and exits at 85°C, and the pipe has a surface temperature that is maintained at 105°C. Determine the thermal entry length and the rate of heat transfer fr
A double acting hydraulic cylinder (rod diameter ¾ inches) is used to compress garbage. Find the efficiency of the cylinder in the extending and retracting stroke.
Discuss at least three forms of corrosion that could occur in this component and discuss ways to prevent or minimize that corrosion from happening.
Assuming the corrosion rate of this metal in saltwater is 150 mils/year and the its density is 4.5 g/cm3, determine how long ago the ocean vessel sank.
Each rail is 33 ft long. At what temperature will the rails touch end to end? What stress will result in the rails if the temperature rises to 110 F?
Determine the weight of a part having the same modulus of elasticity parallel to the fibers, if the part is made of epoxy reinforced with high modulus carbon fibers?
The condenser operates at 1.4 MPa. If the mass flow rate of the refrigerant is 0.25 kg/s, what is the operating temperature of the evaporator?
The net power output of the plant is 120 MW and the pump consumes 5 MW. The mass flow rate of steam at the turbine inlet is?
For the stress element with sigmaX = 1400psi, sigmaY = 600psi, and shear = 950 psi, determine the average stress, the maximum and minimum principal stress, the orientation of the principal stress el
The heat is supplied by a Carnot heat pump operating from a low-temperature reservoir at 16ºC. Find the rate of work into the heat pump.
The collected energy powers a heat engine, which rejects heat at 40ºC. If the heat engine should deliver 2.5 kW, what is the minimum size (area) solar collector?