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A copper sphere of 10-mm diameter, initially at a prescribed elevated temperature T;, is quenched in a saturated (1 atm) water bath
A counter flow, concentric tube heat exchanger is designed to heat water from 20 to 80°C using hot oil, which is supplied to the annulus at 160°C
A counter flow, concentric tube heat exchanger used for engine cooling has been in service for an extended period of time.
A circular transistor of 10-mm diameter is cooled by impingement of an air jet exiting a 2-mm-diameter round nozzle with a velocity of 20 m/s and a temperature
A chip that is of length L = 5 mm on a side and thickness t = 1 mm is encased in a ceramic substrate, and its exposed surface is convectively cooled
A circuit board with a dense distribution of integrated circuits (ICs) and dimensions of 120 mm by 120 mm on a side is cooled by the parallel flow
A circumferential fin of rectangular cross section, 3.7 cm OD and 0.3 cm thick surrounds a 2.5 cm diameter tube. The fin is constructed of mild steel.
A cold air chamber is proposed for quenching steel ball bearings of diameter D = 0.2 m and initial temperature Ti = 400°C
A biological fluid moves at a flow rate of m = 0.02 kg/s through a coiled, thin-walled, 5-mm-diameter tube submerged in a large water bath maintained at 50°C
A beverage can with a diameter of 65 mm and a height of 120 mm has a uniform temperature of 5°C when it is removed from the refrigerator.
A bayonet cooler is used to reduce the temperature of a pharmaceutical fluid. The pharmaceutical fluid flows through the cooler, which is fabricated of 10-mm
A bank of drying ovens is mounted on a rack in a room with an ambient air temperature of 27°C. The cubical ovens are 500 mm to a side, and the spacing
A 6-in.-OD pipe is buried with its centerline 50 in. below the surface of the ground [k of soil is 0.20 Btu/(h ft °F)]
A 50-mm-thick air gap separates two horizontal metal plates that form the top surface of an industrial furnace.
A building window pane that is 1.2 m high and 0.8 m wide is separated from the ambient air by a storm window of the same height and width.
A circular pipe of 25-mm outside diameter is placed in an airstream at 25°C and l-atm pressure. The air moves in cross flow over the pipe at 15 m/s
A circular, hot gas jet at T8 is directed normal to a circular plate that has radius ro and is maintained at a uniform temperature Ts.
A 30-cm-OD pipe with a surface temperature of 90°C carries steam over a distance of 100 m. The pipe is buried with its center line at a depth of 1 m
A circular grill of diameter 0.25 m and emissivity 0.9 is maintained at a constant surface temperature of 130°C
A Bakelite coating is to be used with a 10-mm-diameter conducting rod, whose surface is maintained at 200°C by passage of an electrical current
A billet of stainless steel, AISI 316, with a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 500 mm emerges from a heat treatment process at 200°C and is placed
A boiler used to generate saturated steam is in the form of an un-finned, cross-flow heat exchanger, with water flowing through the tubes and a high-temperature
A brass rod 100 mm long and 5 mm in diameter extends horizontally from a casting at 200°e. The rod is in an air environment with T8 = 20°C
A 200-mm-square, 10-mm-thick tile has the thermo physical properties of pyrex (e = 0.80) and emerges from a curing process at an initial temperature of Ti = 140
A 2.5-cm-OD, 2-cm-ID copper pipe carriers liquid oxygen to the storage site of a space shuttle at -183°C and 0.04 m3/min.