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q sewage treatmentunless located in a metropolitan area it is common for plants to have sewage treatment facilities for disposal of sewage and grey
q what is stormwater treatmentnormally stormwater run-off from process areas needs to be collected and treated before being discharged to land or
q waste water treatmenttypically there are a number of waste water streams which need to be treated before disposal to land or water depending on the
q steam and power generation equipmentlocating steam and power generation equipment outside of the process areas ensures that critical facilities
q design ventilation systems for plantwhile some natural ventilation may sometimes be used a pressurized hvac heating ventilation and
q what is air intakesair is drawn from the atmosphere for a variety of process and equipment uses includingbull combustion air fired heaters boilers
q what is passive fire protectionpassive fire protection is defined as any fire protection system that by its nature plays an inactive role in
q design requirements for aircraft accessfor some remote locations provision may be required for occasional landing of aircraft during emergencies or
q design evacuation systems for plantthe plant will have designated muster areas where personnel can go during an emergency and be accounted for and
q access considerations for plant designplant facilities shall be provided with acceptable access and egress for personnel materials and equipment by
all equipment that is critical to the plants safety support should always be located in a safe area eg fire pumps instrumentelectrical equipment and
q design safe areas for planta safe area in this manual is regarded as a space that is not ranked as being a designated hazardous area by the
the extent of a hazardous area depends on the rate of release ventilation conditions and fluid properties and is defined by the relevant regional or
hazardous areas are formally ranked as being a designated hazardous area using the relevant regional or country standards that are directly
q hazardous and safe areas in plant layoutplants implicitly involve identifiable hazards in respect to the environment location and presence of
q design wellheads and wellpadshydrocarbon-producing wellheads and wellpads shall be located in open well ventilated areas with as much segregation
q scraper launchers and receiversscraper launchers and receivers associated with the pipelines shall be located in open well-ventilated areas with
q design loading - unloading facilities in plant layoutloading and unloading areas should be separated these facilities should be situated on the
q design bulk materials storageconsideration shall be given to providing access to safety showers in areas of hazardous bulk material handling and
q nitrogen storage and vaporizerbulk cryogenic storage of nitrogen must be located away from process equipment preferably at the edge or corner of
q design temporary storageit is sometimes acceptable to store drums temporarily on spill containment pallets each pallet should be capable of
q portable gas cylinders - handling of hazardousportable gas cylinders portable gas cylinders are vulnerable to fire exposure when located in
q safety from corrosive chemicalssafety showers and eyewash stations shall be provided in areas where corrosive chemicals are stored and handled they
stores for hazardous substances shall be segregated from and located at a safe distance from accommodation spaces and control room indoor storage
q design transfer facilities in planttransfer facilities eg pumps piping and conveyers must be arranged so that no leaks can escape the confines of