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drawbacks of data distributionthe primary drawbacks of distributed database systems are the added complexity needed to ensure proper coordination
modular growthin distributed environments it is simple to expand latest sites can be added to the network without affecting the operations of other
economicsit is now usually accepted that it costs less to make a system of smaller computers with the equivalent power of a one large computer it is
speedup query processinga query that includes data at various sites can be split into sub-queries these sub- queries can be implemented in parallel
improved performanceas the data is located near the site of its demand and given the inherent parallelism because of multiple copies speed of
improved availabilitythe data in a distributed system may be replicated so that it is at more than one site thus the failure of a node or a
improved reliabilityin a centralised dbms a server failure stops the operations of the dbms though a failure at single site of a ddbms or a failure
reflects organisational structuremany organizations are distributed over various locations if an organisation has many offices in dissimilar cities
distributed control and data sharingthe geographical distribution of an organization can be showed in the distribution of the data if a number of
advantages of data distributionthe primary benefit of distributed database systems is the ability to access and share data in a reliable and
advantages and drawbacks of ddbms there are various reasons for building distributed database systems with sharing of data reliability and
a distributed transactionlet us demonstrate the concept of a distributed transaction by considering a banking system having of three branches located
need for distributed database systemsa distributed database is a set of database kept on multiple computers that appears to applications as a one
objectives differentiate ddbms and conventional dbms describe network topology for ddbms describe the concepts of horizontal and vertical
distributed and client server databasesintroductionthis unit tells the distributed database systems which are primarily relational and one important
authorisationauthorisation is the culmination of the administrative policies of the organisation as the name shows authorisation is a set of
security and integrityafter reading the concepts of database recovery in the last section let us now deal with a vital concept that helps in
log based recoverylet us first describe the term transaction log in the context of dbms a transaction log is a record in dbms that remains track of
recovery techniquesafter reading the types of failures and database errors let us talk about how to recover from the failures recovery can be
1 define each of the following in your own words a fileb recordc fieldd primary keye secondary key2 a
system errorthese contain errors in database system or the os example deadlockssuch errors are fairly hard to detect and need reprogramming the
consistency error these errors happen due to the inconsistent state of database caused may be due to wrong implementation of commands or in case of a
user error this contains errors in the program eg logical errors with errors made by online users of database these types of errors can be
database errorsan error is said to have occurred if the implementation of a command to manipulate the database cannot be successfully finished either