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what are the drawbacks of shadow-paging techniquethe drawbacks of shadow paging is-a commit overheadb data fragmentationc garbage
explain current page table and shadow page tablethe key idea behind the shadow paging method is to maintain two page tables during the life of the
define pagethe database is partitioned into some number of fixed-length blocks which are referred to as
define shadow pagingan alternative to log-based crash recovery method is shadow paging this technique requires fewer disk accesses than do the
what are uncommitted modificationsthe immediate-modification technique permits database modifications to be output to the database whereas the
what is meant by log-based recoverythe most widely used structures for recording database changes is the log the log is a sequence of log records
what is meant by buffer blocks and disk buffer the blocks residing temporarily in main memory are referred to as buffer blocksthe area of memory
what is meant by physical blocksthe input and output operations are completed in block units the blocks residing on the disk are referred to as
define blocksthe database system resides eternally on non-volatile storage and is into fixed-length storage units known as
what are the storage typesthe storage types area volatile storageb nonvolatile
what are the two types of errorsthe two types of errors area logical errorb system
what is a recovery schemean integral part of a database system is a recovery scheme that can restore the database to the reliable state that existed
what are the two methods for dealing deadlock problemthe two procedures for dealing deadlock problem is deadlock detection and deadlock
what is a database graphthe partial ordering implies that the set d may now be viewed as a directed acyclic graph known as a database
define upgrade and downgradeit gives a mechanism for conversion from shared lock to exclusive lock is called as upgradeit gives a mechanism for
define the phases of two phase locking protocolgrowing phase a transaction may get locks but not release any lockshrinking phase a transaction might
what is deadlockneither of the transaction can ever proceed with its normal implementation this situation is known as
define locklock is the most common used to execute the requirement is to permit a transaction to access a data item only if it is currently holding a
what are the two types of serializabilitythe two types of serializability isa conflict serializabilityb view
what is average response timethe average response time is that the average time for a transaction to be done after it has been
give the reasons for allowing concurrencythe reasons for allowing concurrency is if the transactions run serially a short transaction might have to
what is a shadow copy schemeit is simple but efficient scheme known as the shadow copy schemes it is based on making copies of the database called
what are the states of transactionthe states of transaction are-a activeb partially committedc failedd abortede committed f
when is a transaction rolled backany changes that the aborted transaction made to the database must be uncompleted while the changes caused by an
what is recovery management componentensuring durability is the responsibility of a software component of the base system known as the recovery