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classification of systemssystems may be categorized as followsa formal or informalb abstract or physicalc closed or opend automated
purpose environment boundary inputs and outputs are a number of important terms related to systems a systems objectivepurpose is the reason for its
q define diffrent aspects of a systemthe aspects of a system are as below organization implies order and structure it is aprearrangement of
system is a word which is derived from the greek word systema which means an organized relationship among componentsa system can be defined as
q explain about interrupt procedurethe interrupt procedure uses request header to conclude the function requested by dos it also performs all
q define strategy procedurethe strategy procedure is called when loaded into memory by dos or whenever controlled device request service the major
q illustrate header section of a device driverheader comprises information which allows dos to identify the driver it also comprises pointers which
device drivers are special programs installed by configsys file to control installable devices so personal computers can be expanded at some
q write an interrupt routine to handle division by zerothis file can be loaded just like a com file though makes itself permanently resident until
q writing down your own interrupt service routineshere are a few rules which should be kept in mind while writing down your own interrupt service
an 8086 interrupt can take placedue to the following reasons1 hardware interrupts caused by some external hardware device2 software
interrupts are signals which cause the cpu to suspend the currently executing program and transfer to a special program known as an interrupt handler
q write a subroutine in c which toggles the cursorwrite a subroutine in c which toggles the cursor it takes one argument which toggles the value
interfacing subroutines with parameter passinglets now write a c program which calls the assembly program for parameter passing lets extend the
q write an assembly function which hides the cursorwrite an assembly function which hides the cursor call it from a c
q explain simple interfacingthe following is a sample of the coding used for procedure interfacingpublic
q rules for calling assembly subroutines fromthe rules for calling assembly subroutines from c arei memory model the calling program and called
by now you can write procedures both internal andexternal and pass parameters particularly through stacklets us use these concepts to see how
q example on public divisorlinker appends all segments having the same name and public directive with segment name into one segment their contents
write a procedure which divides a 32-bit number by a 16-bit number the procedure must be general which is its defined in one module and can be called
q define public identifierspublic identifiers a public identifier is one which is defined within one module of a program however potentially
access to external identifiers an external identifier is one which is referred in one module though defined in another you can declare an identifier
segment combinationsin 8086 assembler provides a means for combining segments declared in various modules some typical combine types are1
q what is external proceduresthese procedures are written as well as assembled in separate assembly modules and afterwards linked together with the
q passing parameters through stackthe best scheme for parameter passing is through stack it is also a standard scheme for passing parameters when