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The behaviors of acyl chlorides and aldehydes in a reaction with a nucleophile are different.
Esters can be hydrolyzed when heated with water and strong acids or bases- the reverse of Fischer esterification.
Hydrazoic acid, HN3, and butyric acid, HC4H7O2, are both weak monoprotic acids. Their pKa values (at 25oC) are 4.72 and 4.82, respectively.
Consider structures answer questions. Indicate acidic hydrogen molecules. Rank molecules order increasing acidity (least acidic).
Synthesizing ethers via acid-catalyzed condensation reactions has limited usefulness. The conditions (sulfuric acid and heat) are also conducive to elimination.
Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following functional groups: alcohol, ether,aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, amine.
Calculate the concentration of H2O2 from the volume of KMnO4 used and the stoichiometry of the reaction (MW of H2O2 is 34.01).
A cool solution of sodium nitrite and a solution of the amine in an ice bath. Moderately concentrated hydrochloric acid is added.
In clavulanic acid there is a carbon-atom that that has an oxygen-atom, a nitrogen-atom, and a carbon atom attached to it.
Considering the mixture of the two compounds and range of the melting points, the reason recrystallization was difficult was due to a broad melting point range.
Treatment of 3-hexene-2-ol with concentrated HCl gives a mixture of two products, 2-chloro-3-hexene and 4-chloro-2-hexene.
Describe an incident (fire, spill, explosion, etc) you have experienced (or research one on the Internet, professional journal, or scientific magazine article).
The -N(CH3)2 group is an ortho, para director, and strongly activates the ring, whereas the -N(CH3)3 group is a meta director.
Draw abbreviated structural formulae of the products of the complete hydrolysis of lidocaine, and identity the functional groups from the diagram.
How do you tell the difference between the non-polar R group and the polar but neutral R group?
Blood is essentially an aqueous solution but it must transport a variety of non polar substances (hormones for example).
Explain the chemical structure of cortisol and hydrocortisone? What is the difference on the structure?
What type of bonding between amino acid residues is most important in holding a protein and polypeptide in a specific secondary configuration?
Does a mutation causing a substitution of one base pair in a strand of DNA necessarily result in a new amino acid in the protein coded for that gene? Explain.
What tripeptide would be synthesized from the informational strand of DNA with the sequence 5' GTATCCAGT?
The chemical reasons for the red colour of blood are given in this solution in a simple layman's language.
Ethylene glycol is used as automobile antifreeze. 6.38 g of this compound contains 2.47 g of carbon and 0.620 g of hydrogen. The rest is oxygen.
Glycine is the simplest of the amino acids. Amino acids are important biological compounds because they are the building blocks of proteins.
Complete the following nomenclature exercise. Provide the names of compounds from formulas or provide the formula from the name.
What is the degree to which the freezing point of blood and other biological fluids is lowered with the help of glycerol.