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q what is scientific law and theorya theory is a description that has been supported by many experiments theories declare broad principles of nature
q what is conclusion in the experimenta conclusion is a judgment based on the data acquired in the experiment if data support a hypothesis then the
q what are independent and dependent variablesan experiment is a set of controlled explanation that tests a hypothesis in a research a scientist will
q hypothesis on chlorofluorocarbona hypothesis is a probable explanation for what has been observed based on the explanation of ozone thinning and
q what do you mean by scientific methodsa scientific method is a systematic approach utilized to answer a question or study a situation it is both an
q explain about chemistry and matterchemistry is the study of matter as well as the changes that it undergoes matter is anything which has mass and
q what is chlorofluorocarbona chemical is some substance that has a definite composition ozone is a chemical which is made up of three particles of
q illustrate uses of f-block elementlanthanides and many of their complexes have received wide industrial applications for example europium
q show chemical properties of thorium metalyou know that actinium and all the actinides are radioactive of these only uranium and thorium are
q show the process of ion exchange chromatographythe process of ion exchange chromatography is the most important effective and rapid method for the
q distribution coefficients of the saltsthe distribution coefficients of the salts of lanthanide elements between organic and water solvents are
q show the solubility of double saltsthe solubility of double salts of lanthanides such as 2ln n033mg n03224h20 and ln2 s043 na2s04xh20 increases
q extraction of f-block element as all the lanthanides occur together in nature their extraction involves two main steps i separation from
q show the occurrence of the f-block elementapart from promethium which is unstable and is found in traces in uranium ores all the lanthanides
q chemical properties of f-block elementthe lanthanides are silvery-white highly electropositive and reactive metals they all react slowly with cold
q magnetic properties of f-block elementyou have learnt in the preceding unit-that paramagnetism is related with the presence of unpaired electrons
q complexation behaviour of the f-blockions of actinide and lanthanide elements have a strong tendency to form complexes with a variety of oxygen and
q what is standard electrode potentials of lanthanidesthe standard electrode potentials of lanthanides for the half reactionln3 aq 3e
q show the colour of actinides and lanthanides ionsions of actinides and lanthanides are coloured in the solid state as well as in aqueous solution
q explain about atomic radiusthe atomic size decreases with increase in atomic number along any period in the long form of the periodic table due
q general characteristics of the f-blockyou know that the 14 elements from cerium z 58 to lutetium z 71 which follow lanthanum z 57 in the
q objectives of transition elements of the f-blockafter studying this unit you should be able to distinguish between transition and inner-transition
q transition elements of the f-blockthe salient features of the chemistry of the transition elements of the f-block due to filling of electrons in
q explain about extraction of metalsextraction of metals is very often done by complex formation for example the cyanide process for the extraction
how to determine the hybridization of a complex compound in a easy waygenerally d-block elements have tendency to form coordination compoundsfrom at