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explain prevalence in coronaw artery disease the first report to highlight the high prevalence of cad among indian expatriates came from an autopsy
explain global burden in the history of mart diseasein 2001 17 million people died of cvd of all types the most important causes were ischemic heart
explain the introduction of history of mart diseasecardio-vascular diseases cvd are the leading causes of death and disability both in the developed
explain the objectives of history of mart diseaseafter reading this unit you should be able to1 understand the importance of cardio-vascular diseases
describe about results of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection reported hospital mortality varies from 2 to 20 per cent depending on the
describe about mixed type of ta pvc management depends upon the type of tapvc and could be very challenging however the basic principle is to get all
what is infra-diaphragmatic type of tapvc initial stages of operation are the same as for supracardiac type of tapvc the heart is lifted out of the
explain cardiac type of tapvc draining into coronary sinus initial steps of the operation are the same as described earlier the right atrium is
describe the supra cardiac type of tapvc after connecting the baby to cnrdiopulmonary bypass the common pulmonary venous channel is dissected this
explain thetechnique of total anomalous surgery corrective surgery is undertaken as an emergency procedure after diagnosis has been confirmed by
explain indications for surgery of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection once tapvc is diagnosed in a neonate with symptoms operation should be
what is fontan operation and modifications earlier reported to have 20 per cent mortality it has come down to five per cent in specialized centres in
what is bidirectional superior cavopulmonary shunt-bidirectional glenn shunt hospital mortality is between 5 and 10 per cent early palliation is very
explain extra cardiac conduit fontan this can be done with or without cardipulmonary bypass first step is to make a bi-directional glenn shunt the
what is total cavo pulmonary connections tcpc-lateral tunnel operationcardiopulinonary bypass is instituted by cannulation of ascending aorta svc
explain fontan operation the original fontan operation was done in a case where classical glenn operation had been done end-lo-end anastomosis of
explain bidirectional glenn shunt under cardiopulmonary bypass the ascending aorta and svc at innominate jugular vein junction and ivc are cannulated
what is bidirectional glenn bdg without cardio pulmonary bypasssurgical approach is through median sternotomy if there is only a single superior vena
explain bidirectional superior vena cavo pulmonary shunt bidirectional glennthis is a palliative produce where blood from superior vena cava is
what is indications for operation single ventricle physiology the operation is indicated in patients with single ventricle physiology fontan
what is single ventricle physiology in complete correction of a congenital cardiac condition it is ideal to have two ventricle correction pulmonary
what is tricuspid atresia surgery for single ventricle physiologyin tricuspid atresia the right atrium fails to open into right ventricle through a
explain re- pera at ions and other interventions these are required for residual vsd with significant shunt residual rv obstruction and pulmonary
estimate the results of tetralogy of fallotin excellent centres the mortality is reported one per cent or less in infants and babies with low weight
how to measure post repair prviv pressure in the operating room after coining of1 bypass and before removing cannulae the rv and lv pressures are