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Question 1: Why is it important that extracellular fluid is isotonic to cells? Question 2: Imagine that you have been given several strains of a microbe from various countries around the world and t
Explain how the substitution of the cis double bond by a trans double bond in the fatty acid of a membrane phospholipid might affect the membrane characteristics.
which of the following describes the default route of exocytosis? a. Golgi to ER to plasma membrane b. Plasma membrane to golgi to ER c. Plasma membrane to ER to golgi d. ER to golgi to plasma membran
Which of the following statements is true about the photosynthetic reaction? a. the reaction is an oxidation b. the reaction is endergonic c. change in S < 0 d. the reaction is endothermic
Which of the following processes is not entropically favored? a. water evaporates b. dry ice sublimes c. ice cream freees d. calcium chloride dissolves in water
Which of the following is not a key feature of lipids? a. hydrophobicity b. extensive hydrogen bonding c. lack of repeating structures d. hydrocarbon-like structures
Which of the following is not true about carbohydrates? a. they are the main component of cellulose and starch b. the presence of OH groups increases their hydrophobicity c. in polysaccharides, they c
Compare the force-generating capacities and maximal shortening velocities of hypothetical muscles consisting of (1) one cell with 50 sarcomeres vs. (2) two cells with 25 sarcomeres each.
Approximately how many spontaneous depurinations must be repaired per day in each diploid cell?
Compare and contrast the genome and enzyme(s) present in the virions of a retrovirus and a positive-strand RNA bacteriophage?
Do proteins undergo simple diffusion or facilitated diffusion to cross a membrane? Do salts undergo simple diffusion or facilitated diffusion?
Question 1: How does Mendel's 2nd law (independent assortment) apply to experimenting natural selection in fruit flies? Question 2: Are carriers specific for the structures of individual molecules in
Tay-Sachs disease causes lysosomes to rupture. How would this affect the cell? Check all that apply. a) Biological polymers would not be broken down by lysosomes. b) Phagocytic cells would not destroy
Question 1: What s the rate limiting step in pcr Question 2: Determine if the following are primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary protein structure:- a) results from hydrogen bonds between polar
Assume you are given two cultures, one of a species of gram-negative Bacteria and one of a species of Archaea. Discuss five different ways you could tell which culture was which.
Question 1: How does visual information processing affect the response to muscke stretch reflexes? Question 2: Although reflexes do not require the activation of higher brain centers, they can be volu
Why is it necessary to centrifuge a sample before obtaining a spectrophotometer reading? What would happen if you didn't centrifuge first?
What are the roles for RNA I and RNA II in ColE1 replication and what would happen if you affected expression of one or the other on Rop (regulatory protein)?
Question 1: What is the difference between a Cycad leaf and a Ginkgo leaf? Question 2: Using your knowledge of the action potential cycle, quantitatively describe, using either the Nernst or Goldman
When does recombination occur? a. at the two-strand stage, before DNA replication and when each member of a homologous chromosome pair is composed of two sister chromatids. b. at the two
Explain why human skin is OR is not a selectively permeable membrane (include at least one example to support your reasoning). What happens when a saltwater fish is put in freshwater? Explain the func
Question 1: Give and advantage and disadvantage of: a) paedomorphosis b) fossils Question 2: differentiate the following terms and give one example to best represent each term: Speciation and mutation
What is ram ventilation? How can the use of ram ventilation ameliorate the increase in metabolic reate with exersise seen in fish that use branchial ventilation?
What is true about fluoxetine (Prozac) and amitriptyline (Elavil)? a. Each is an example of different drug classes, but both block the transmission of serotonin across a synapse to receptors.
What is true of hypnotics? a. Mechanisms of action include suppression of the reticular activating system that controls wakefulness in our brains. b. Nursing implications include warning