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Question 1: How to separate proteins in a gene? Question 2: Briefly describe a homeostatic event and discuss how it is regulated. List hormones etc.
Question 1: What is the bacteria that is used for cloning genes to make plants transgenic?Question 2: How were constitutive mutations in elements of the lac operon were used to figure out how it works
Explain the first and second laws of thermodynamics and apply them to processes in life such as growth, development, cellular respiration, ATP synthesis and photosynthesis.
Question 1: What happens to the energy of the electrons moving through the electron transport chain? That is, how is that energy stored? Question 2: Explain the connection between the electron trans
Question 1: In what form does fixed carbon leave the Calvin Cycle and what is it used for? Question 2: Which of the following materials cannot be sterilized in an autoclave? a. liquid gr
List and explain the difference types of DNA repair mechanisms. What are the consequences of not having repair mechanims as it pretains to growth, development, and evolution?
Question 1: Describe the placental blood circulation and exchange, naming the structures involved ? Question 2: Outline the fetal circulatory pathway from the placenta to and through the fetus and bac
Describe the process of spermatogenesis in male testis. Include the following terms: spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermtids,mature spematozoa (sperm),Sertoli cells, ha
Question 1: Describe the process and purpose of meiosis. compare and contrast Divsion 1 and Divsion2 , compare to mitosis Question 2: Natural Killer (NK) Cell Receptors fall into two broad functional
Question 1: Define acidosis and alkalosis in the body and compare and contrast metabolic vs. respiratory causes? Question 2: Describe the location and role in maintaining of acid/base balance of the f
Question 1: Distinguish between cortical nephrons and juxatamedullary nephrons by significance? Question 2: Discuss the reabsorption of nutrients (glucose , amino acids, etc) in the PCT. Explain why
Describe the composition and function of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Include which types of cells are forming the barrier, what structures or actions are essential to form the barriers, and give
Define a strong acid and a strong base. Describe the effect of pH on protein structure and the role of buffers in maintaining homeostatic pH levels.?
You should be able to draw and explain how the Lac-Operon is regulated. You should be able to compare this to the tryptophan operon (a repressible operon).
Question 1: Compare prokaryote and eukaryote genomes. I am NOT asking for specifics but in general terms. Question 2: DNA fingerprinting can be done by using SNP analysis or, much more commonly, STR
How is gene expression regulated in eukaryotes? This is a HUGE question. You should be able to discuss pre and post- transcription in various ways.
Briefly explain the roles of cytoplasmic polarity, embryonic induction and morphogens in the differentiation of cells and embryonic development. How does this "tie" with gene expression and transcri
Question 1: What role did Restriction Enzymes and DNA ligase have in making the PGLO plasmid. What is meant by expression vectors? Question 2: What information needs to be in a successful expression
Question 1: How do we keep the pattern of ecology in balance and the rise of greenhouse gases and global warming? Question 2: How can we positively or negatively effect biomes to inner cities? What
The main function of the apoptosome is to: A. poke holes in the mitochondrial outer membrane B. activate executioner caspases C. degrade BH4 domain containing proteins D. degra
Draw a diagram with Glucose 6-phosphate at the center and show all possible pathways that the molecule can enter. Show the end product for each pathway.
Question 1: What is the probability of throwing two dice and obtaining a 4 and a 6? Question 2: What type of inhibition regulate glycolysis?
Why is the nitrogen cycle biologically important? A) Nitrogen is a component of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. B) Nitrogen forms the framework for organic molecules essential to all organis
Where (at what level) does nitrogen enter the food chain? A) From the atmosphere when "fixed" by the photosynthetic machinery of plants. B) Primarily through soil-dwelling bacteria that "fix" it by at
What are the 3 major features of the Fertile Crescent the support the growth of cereals, more so than in other areas? A) Large amounts of solar energy, high average temperature, proximity to the ocean