You are planning a Polaris observation at latitude 42 degrees North when the star is at or near upper culmination. You want to know the error in azimuth that will result from a 1 min timing error. You know that the meridian angle, t, is exactly 0 degrees at upper culmination.
Use the approximations that the celestial sphere rotates once in approximately 24 hours, the declination of Polaris is approximately 89 degrees 10 minutes, and the bearing of Polaris is approximated by the folwing equation: Z = (sint)(p)(coslatitude). The azimuth error resulting from a 1 min timing error is most nearly?