Problem:
How can I reply to this discussion board thread with a scholarly citation? ••• Non-testimonial statements are aimed at police interrogation and allow the police to meet a current emergency. In contrast, testimonial interrogation establishes or proves prior occurrences relevant to criminal prosecution when there is no ongoing emergency. Text messages and photographs should be admitted as evidence just like written evidence, but they should also be authenticated as there is a risk of doctoring the evidence. Out-of-court statements are "hearsay" and inadmissible. However, the case is complicated by the woman's inability to appear at trial in the case against her ex-husband, who violated the no-contact order. When a witness fails to appear at trial or is unavailable, their testimony against a defendant is inadmissible (Love & Fulginiti, 2019). Still, there is the determination of whether the text message and photograph constitute enough alternative evidence for continuing with the case. Since the victim (complainant) failed to appear in court, the prosecution can also seek the testimony of third-party witnesses who corroborate the text message and photograph.