Response to the following multiple choice questions:
Question 1. According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, why did people lose the natural goodness with which they were born?
Man's inherent nature is to sin
Society and civilization corrupted them
Formal education crushed imagination
Organized religion taught false values
Question 2. With what were the eighteenth-century French philosophes concerned?
Manners and tradition
Metaphysical matters
Secular and social concerns
Theater and painting
Question 3. What does Yu the Great Taming the Waters, carved onto a massive piece of jade, represent?
China being saved by a miracle
China's version of the Noah story
The might of the Chinese army
Hard work and service to the ruler
Question 4. Why did the philosophes alienate themselves from the Church?
Disbelief in God
Intolerant of hierarchy and ritual
Disagreement with Church doctrine
Dislike for church ornamentation
Question 5. Why is the music that arose in reaction to the Rococo called "classical"?
Its symmetry, proportion, unity, and clarity
Its reliance upon a small number of instruments
Its predictability of form and movements
Its use of Greek and Roman mythological themes
Question 6. Why did Jean-Antoine Watteau's fêtes galantes become so popular?
Their mythological allusions
Their symmetry and perspective
Their erotic overtones
Their realistic portrayal of society
Question 7. What was the overarching purpose of the Encyclopédie?
To accumulate and preserve human knowledge
To record the findings of the French Academy
To give a voice to the French philosophes
To standardize the French language and spelling
Question 8. Why were the philosophes attracted to China?
Its republican government
Its Buddhist beliefs
Its high level of advancement
Its simplified lifestyle
Question 9. Who introduced Western art techniques to the Chinese?
The Portuguese
The Jesuits
The French
The Manchurians
Question 10. Why did the eighteenth-century Parisian courtiers lose interest in portraits?
They desired paintings that entertained
Portraiture limited artists' creativity
They were bored with the realism
Louis XV disliked portraits
Question 11. In France, what triggered the events leading to revolution?
Loss of the Seven Years' War
Grain and flour shortage
Murder of Jean Paul-Marat
The national debt
Question 12. Why did Napoleon launch a massive rebuilding program in Paris?
To restore Paris to its Baroque grandeur
To impress his empire with his new palace
To make Paris the new Rome
To expand the churches to glorify God
Question 13. How is David's Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard historically inaccurate?
Napoleon was much shorter than David painted him
Napoleon did not cross the Alps with his army
Napoleon wears a crown even though he was not emperor
Napoleon crossed the Alps on a mule, not a white horse
Question 14. On whose design did Thomas Jefferson model Monticello?
Andrea Palladio
Giovanni Bon
Charles Le Brun
Christopher Wren
Question 15. Why was Wedgwood's Neoclassical-ornamented jasperware so popular in the United States?
It was colored
It was mass produced
It was rare
It was expensive
Question 16. Why did Jefferson locate Monticello on a hilltop?
Charlottesville, Virginia, is surrounded by hills
It would be safe from the floods common to that area
Hilltops were traditional sites of Greek or Roman temples
It provided the best view of the Virginia countryside
Question 17. Why did John Adams defend the British soldiers who in 1770 had killed five protesters at the Boston Customs House?
They had fired in self-defense
The protesters were slaves
They were following King George III's orders
The protesters opened fire first
Question 18. Why do scholars today doubt parts of Olaudah Equiano's autobiography of his years as a slave?
His description of the slave ship does not match historical records
He likely was born in the United States, not Africa as he claimed
The English did not buy slaves from Benin, where he said he was born
He describes treatment that would not have been given valuable commodities
Question 19. As described in the chapter's "Continuity and Change" section, why does Antoine Jean Gros's painting of Napoleon and his army battling the Russians make odd propaganda?
The Russians defeated Napoleon's army
Napoleon's army never fought the Russians
Most of Napoleon's men died in that campaign
Napoleon did not lead his army against the Russians
Question 20. According to German philosopher Immanuel Kant, what was the Enlightenment's precondition?
Revolution
Freedom
Courage
Education
Question 21. What view of the world did the Romantics value?
Empirical observation
Divinely revealed truth
Objective reality
Subjective experience
Question 22. What term did Hector Berlioz give to the leading theme or melody in his symphonies?
Scherzo
Fortissimo
Idée fixe
Étude
Question 23. Why was the natural world Romantic poetry's primary subject?
Its absence of complexity and pretension
Its availability to everyone no matter what social class
Its ability to stimulate emotions and imagination
Its distraction from everyday problems
Question 24. Why did the Romantics revere Prometheus?
For being a suffering but noble champion of human freedom
For being the Greek god of wisdom and creativity
For refusing to obey the laws of the Titans
For his ability to be restored after suffering cruel treatment
Question 25. In Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther, why does the hero commit suicide?
For being ostracized from the city society
For making a pact with the devil
For killing his pregnant mistress
For falling in love with a married woman
Question 26. Why did Romantic artists such as Thomas Cole see America as having so much potential?
Its native American population
Its freedom of worship
Its pristine rivers and lakes
Its vast tracts of wilderness
Question 27. In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, why does the creature embark on a quest for revenge against Dr. Frankenstein?
For creating him from dead body parts
For abandoning him to fend for himself
For not giving him a soul
For leaving him in the Arctic
Question 28. Who was Wordsworth's co-writer for Lyrical Ballads?
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Dorothy Wordsworth
Ralph Waldo Emerson
John Keats
Question 29. In Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," what does the Mariner's killing of the albatross represent?
Coleridge overcoming opium addiction
An attack on nature
Salvation for his shipmates
Christ's crucifixion
Question 30. In "Tintern Abbey," why does Wordsworth believe he looks at the world differently than he did five years previously?
The losses he endured has made him more sensitive
He now sees the connection between all things
His memory becomes sharper as he matures
He has a closer relationship with his sister
Question 31. What was a central mission of the abolitionist movement?
To return the Africans to their homeland
To redistribute the Southerners' wealth
To Christianize the African slaves
To feel self-righteous by helping the slaves
Question 32 . Why did Charles Darwin sail on the H.M.S. Beagle in 1831?
To serve as the ship's physician
To find evidence for human evolution
To photograph South America
To serve as the ship's naturalist
Question 33. Why did Neoclassically-trained Théodore Géricault paint the disturbingly realistic The Raft of the Medusa?
To protest aristocratic privilege
To call attention to the plight of slaves
To expose the French government's cover-up
To shock the French into another revolution
Question 34. What realistic device did Mark Twain use for his characters in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn?
Clothing
Music
Setting
Speech
Question 35. What did French painter Paul Delaroche declare when he saw his first daguerreotype?
"Painting is dead!"
"The world is black and white!"
"This is not art!"
"Realism is here!"
Question 36. As reported in the chapter's "Continuity and Change" section, why possibly did Roger Fenton exclude the dead or wounded in his Crimean War photographs?
British government forbade it
He wasn't allowed on the battlefield
The families requested him to do so
Newspapers would not print them
Question 37. Why does Huckleberry Finn decide not to turn the runaway slave Jim in for a reward?
Huck would be arrested for property theft
Jim threatens to kill Huck if he turns him in
Huck has learned to appreciate Jim's humanity
Miss Watson would send Huck to an orphanage
Question 38. Why did Maxine Du Camp almost always include a human figure in his photographs?
To prove their realism
To indicate scale
To make them more marketable
To provide a focal point
Question 39 . Why did architect A. W. N. Pugin consider the medieval poorhouses superior to the nineteenth-century ones?
They were guided by Christian principles
They were inside the abbey, not separate
They were smaller than the nineteenth-century ones
They were located in rural, not urban, areas
Question 40. What did the English Factory Act of 1833 do for factory workers?
Established a minimum daily wage
Banned employment of children under age nine
Displaced women from the workforce
Required factories to provide decent housing