Question 1: Four-year-old Liam can probably:
a. Gallop and skip with one foot.
b. Run at about 18 feet per second.
c. Involve his whole body in batting a ball.
d. Display mature, whole-body throwing and catching patterns.
Question 2: African-American parents' communication style with their children emphasizes ________ over _________.
a. facts; emotional and social concerns.
b. quick-witted jokes; serious conversation.
c. emotional and social concerns; facts about the world.
d. facts; problem solving.
Question 3: The most important illogical feature of preoperational thought is:
a. Irreversibility.
b. Egocentrism.
c. Magical thinking.
d. Conservation.
Question 4: To soothe a crying baby, most Western parents usually try:
a. Swaddling the baby.
b. Infant massage.
c. Lifting the baby to the shoulder.
d. Taking the baby for a walk in a carriage.
Question 5: The _________ classroom has become increasingly pronounced as a result of the U.S. No Child Left Behind Act.
a. collectivist
b. authoritative
c. traditional
d. constructivist
Question 6: Which of the following is true about reducing prejudices?
a. Long-term contact and collaboration in neighborhoods, schools, and communities may be the best way to reduce prejudices.
b. Children assigned to cooperative learning groups with peers of diverse backgrounds have fewer prejudices even with regard to out-group members who are not part of the learning teams.
c. Classrooms that expose children to broad ethnic diversity often cause children to form negative biases about out-group members.
d. The more children believe that personalities are fixed, the more they report liking and perceiving themselves as similar to members of disadvantaged groups.
Question 7: Obese children
a. are at a risk for social difficulties but not emotional problems.
b. are likely to have at least one obese parent.
c. usually decide when to eat on the basis of hunger.
d. are less likely than average-weight peers to spend many hours watching television.
Question 8: Five-year-old Sasha is participating in Piaget's three-mountains problem. When Sasha is asked to choose the picture that shows what the display looks like from the doll's perspective, he will most likely:
a. Choose the correct picture but not be able to explain why he chose that picture.
b. Know that the correct picture is different from his point of view but not be sure which picture to choose.
c. Choose the picture that shows his own point of view.
d. Choose the correct picture and be able to explain why he chose that picture.
Question 9: According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of middle childhood is
a. autonomy versus shame and doubt.
b. initiative versus guilt.
c. industry versus inferiority.
d. identity versus role confusion.
Question 10: Most investigations into theory of mind address children's ability to:
a. Detect their own and other people's perceptions, feelings, desires, and beliefs.
b. Keep track of the sources of information in memory.
c. Monitor progress toward a goal and redirect unsuccessful efforts.
d. Use mnemonic strategies on tests of memory.