What was "Reaganomics"? What were its achievements and shortcomings?
Reagan's presidency was almost ended as soon as it began. In March, a would-be assassin shot the president as he departed a Washington hotel. Although critically wounded, Reagan recovered.
As president, Reagan proved remarkably persuasive and successful in his dealings with Congress. He won passage of his controversial tax cuts, even though both the House of Representatives and the Senate had Democratic majorities. Reagan also won approval for increased military spending. By 1985, military spending had risen to $295 billion, double the 1980 amount. Within the first two years of his presidency, he had delivered on two of his three major promises. His administration also began reducing environmental protections and other laws and regulations that Reagan considered impediments to American prosperity.
Initially, Reaganomics produced a recession (a slowdown of economic productivity) and an unemployment rate above 10 percent. Reagan's critics claimed that they had been right all along about the flaws in supply side theory. By 1983, however, the economy began growing, allowing Reagan to claim that he had been right all along about the wisdom of cutting taxes on wealthy Americans and corporations. The critics still had an at least two important arguments against Reaganomics. First, they argued that while some Americans achieved impressive prosperity in the 1980s, the gap between wealthy and poor Americans grew. Secondly, they charged that instead of balancing the federal budget, Reagan's combination of tax cuts and increased military spending drove the government deeper into debt.
Reagan had honed his public speaking skills as a broadcaster, actor, corporate spokesman, and politician. He was known for his articulate, smooth style as a campaigner, and he was sometimes called the "Great Communicator". Americans also termed Reagan the "Teflon President" (a reference to cookware coated with a smooth plastic seal, to which food does not stick) because his popularity seemed not to suffer even when his policies were unsuccessful.