1. Explain what is meant by ‘‘crashophobia.''
2. A stock price is currently $20. Tomorrow, news is expected to be announced that will either increase the price by $5 or decrease the price by $5. What are the problems in using Black-Scholes-Merton to value 1-month options on the stock?
3. What volatility smile is likely to be observed for 6-month options when the volatility is uncertain and positively correlated to the stock price?