a. What thermodynamic condition must be met for a state of equilibrium to exist?
b. Why does an alloy of eutectic composition that is cooled through the eutectic point have a microstructure consisting of alternative layers of the two solid phases?
c. Give an example of a congruent phase transformation.
d. Using the phase diagrams presented in the textbook, give examples of eutectic, eutectoid, and peritectic reactions.