Problem
i. Hunwick gives us a short presentation of the concept of "revivalism" in African Islam - and in doing so a short introduction to Islam in Africa in general. He focused on two regions - present-day Nigeria and Sudan. Briefly sketch the history of Islam in these two regions? How and why did Islam spread here? What role did revivalism play in the region's history? What relevance does Hunwick see this history as having for today?
ii. What role did the Ottoman Empire play in the European balance of power? What states rose to challenge Ottoman power in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries? What role did the Ottoman Empire play, specifically, in the global competition between Britain and France?