Problem
Scientists have collectively decided that the best way to prevent unethical research from harming subjects is through the creation of ethics statements by professional organizations and Institutional Review Boards at universities, hospitals, and think tanks. However, this isn't the only form of activism that could have been engaged in to prevent such abuses. What other measures could people have taken to prevent scientists from conducting unethical research? Do you think that drafting professional ethics agreements and creating IRBs are effective ways of protecting research subjects? Why or why not?